The invention relates to a vehicle form and position detection 
system and method based on contour scanning. The 
system comprises a vehicle number identification module, a speed measuring module, a 
laser contourgraph, a gantry, and a 
processing system. In addition, the method comprises the following steps that: a 
laser contourgraph performs contour scanning on a vehicle running on a track and calculates a 3D 
point cloud image through a 
laser image and a vehicle speed; vehicle information is matched in a 
database based on a vehicle number to obtain a standard 3D 
point cloud map; and after comparison of the 
point cloud images, the appearance size and external parts of the vehicle are detected. According to the invention, with a 
laser scanning vehicle, adaptability to the hostile environment is enhanced and the strong anti-interference ability is high. The provided method is a non-contact detection method not affecting the running of equipment. With the 3D point cloud calculation, all sizes can be measured and the sensor is convenient to 
mount. With the three-dimensional matching technology, the recognition accuracy is improved. The overall size of the vehicle and external parts of thevehicle can be detected simultaneously, so that the cost is saved; and the operation capability is optimized by the 
algorithm and the work efficiency is improved.