The invention relates to data processing, and provides a file uploading method. The method comprises the steps of: after first servers receive file uploading requests sent by users, carrying out judgment on compliance of the file uploading requests, if the file uploading requests are not compliant, directly refusing the file uploading requests; and for the file uploading requests which pass compliance judgment, judging whether a load of a second server cluster is relatively high, and if yes, transmitting the file uploading requests to second servers on the basis of a preset flow-limiting speed-limiting rule for the second servers to carry out file uploading processing. The invention further provides a file downloading method, a server and a computer storage medium. By utilizing the file uploading method, the file downloading method, the server and the computer readable storage medium which are provided by the invention, file uploading and downloading efficiency can be improved, stability of a system is improved, and use experience of the users is promoted.