50results about How to "Voltage drop becomes small" patented technology

An electrical power supply consumption feedback system including a current transducer configured to be attached externally to a mains power supply cable providing a mains power supply to said building to measure a current of said mains power supply, a voltage measurement system configured to measure within said building a voltage of said mains power supply, a system controller coupled to said voltage measurement system and to said current transducer and having a system controller wireless interface, at least one of said current transducer and said voltage measurement system having a complementary wireless interface and being coupled to said system controller via the wireless interface, and wherein said system controller is configured to calculate a power consumption of said building from said measured current and voltage; and a display coupled to said system controller to display a visual indication of said calculated power consumption.

A battery system includes a battery pack, a detecting portion, a storage portion, and a determining portion. The battery pack 10 includes serially-connected parallel battery units 1 each of which includes battery cells 2 connected in parallel. The detecting portion 5 detects voltage and current of the units 1, and calculates the accumulated current value of each of the units 1. The storage portion 6 stores reference voltage values to be associated the accumulated current value of each of the units 1. The determining portion 7 reads, from the storage portion 6, one of the reference voltages corresponding to the accumulated value of each of the units 1, and compares the read reference voltage with the detection voltage of the each of the units 1. Thus, a battery cell internal short circuit is detected if the difference between the detection voltage and the read reference voltage exceeds a threshold.

Four LED chips are mounted on a sub-mount substrate so as to be parallel thereto. A wire 9a is installed to extend between a pad electrode 7a of two pad electrodes 7a, 7b provided in two diagonal corners of an upper surface of the LED chip 1 which pad electrode 7a is disposed on a first edge 1a side of the LED chip 1 and a bonding area of a conductive pattern 13 so as to be inclined at 15 to 40 degrees towards an orientation which moves away from a first edge 1a with respect to an orthogonal moving-away direction D relative to the first edge 1a. A wire 9b is installed to extend between the pad electrode 7b which is disposed on a second edge 1b side of the LED chip 1 and a bonding area of the conductive pattern 1 so as to be inclined 15 to 40 degrees towards an orientation which approaches a second edge 1b of the LED chip 1 with respect to an orthogonal moving-away direction D relative to the second edge 1b.

A voltage regulator provides a regulated output voltage [108] from an input voltage [100] using control unit [106] to control a switched capacitor circuit [102] to periodically produce different output voltage levels Vx followed by a low pass filter [104] to give a regulated output voltage. Phase interleaving is used where the phases of different voltage levels are interleaved allowing for increased effective switching frequency and reduced switching losses. By controlling the average voltage on the flying capacitors, output voltage is regulated by modulating the resistance of the switches using a duty cycle. A control unit [106] is used to determine the operation region of the voltage regulator device and configure the switched capacitor circuit in each operation region. The controller contains a state machine that determines the switches configuration in each phase of a complete switching cycle.

A device for amplifying signals over a wide frequency range features stacked amplifying modules connected between a DC voltage source and an electrical ground. The stacking configuration reuses the DC current produced the voltage source, and thus reduces the amount of operational DC current permitting the use of lower voltage, higher frequency devices to be used. The amplifying modules are fed signals which are different versions of an input signal, and the output signals are AC coupled using capacitors to balance out gain imbalances and asymmetries between the amplifying modules.

An inverter comprising: a circuit including arms connected in parallel, each of the arms including a first switch and a second switch connected in series; and a gate drive circuit configured to control, by pulse-width modulation using synchronous rectification, each of the first switch and the second switch to switch to an on-state or an off-state, wherein each of the first switch and the second switch includes: a channel region that is conductive in both a forward direction and a reverse direction in the on-state, and that is not conductive in the forward direction in the off-state; and a diode region that is combined as one with the channel region, and that is conductive only in the reverse direction, the diode region being unipolar, and the gate drive circuit synchronizes a timing at which the gate drive circuit outputs a signal for causing the first switch to switch to the on-state with a timing at which the gate drive circuit outputs a signal for causing the second switch to switch to the off-state, and synchronizes a timing at which the gate drive circuit outputs a signal for causing the first switch to switch to the off-state with a timing at which the gate drive circuit outputs a signal for causing the second switch to switch to the on-state.

A battery pack includes a discharge current interruption FET which cuts off the discharge current, and a minimum voltage detecting portion which switches the discharge current interruption FET from ON to OFF state when the voltage of any battery becomes lower than a minimum voltage. The charge circuit includes a charge current switching portion which switches the charge current so as to charge the battery pack in a main charge mode when the output voltage is higher than a prescribed voltage, and in a preliminary charge mode with a small current when the output voltage is lower than the prescribed voltage. The charge current switching portion charges the battery pack in the preliminary charge mode in the state where the OFF signal of the discharge current interruption FET is provided, even in the state where the output voltage of the battery pack is higher than the prescribed voltage.

A mesa-type wide-gap semiconductor gate turn-off thyristor has a low gate withstand voltage and a large leakage current. Since the ionization rate of P-type impurities greatly increases at high temperatures when compared with that at room temperature, the hole implantation amount increases and the minority carrier lifetime becomes longer. Consequently, the maximum controllable current is significantly lowered when compared with that at room temperature. To solve these problems, a p-type base layer is formed on an n-type SiC cathode emitter layer which has a cathode electrode on one surface, and a thin n-type base layer is formed on the p-type base layer. A mesa-shaped p-type anode emitter layer is formed in the central region of the n-type base layer. An n-type gate contact region is formed sufficiently apart from the junction between the p-type anode emitter layer and the n-type base layer, and an n-type low-resistance gate region is so formed in the n-type base layer that it surrounds the anode emitter layer.

A method for producing light emission, including the following steps: providing a transistor structure that includes a semiconductor base region disposed between a semiconductor emitter region and a semiconductor collector region; providing a cascade region between the base region and the collector region, the cascade region having a plurality of sequences of quantum size regions, the quantum size regions of the sequences varying, in the direction toward the collector region, from a relatively higher energy state to a relatively lower energy state; providing emitter, base and collector electrodes respectively coupled with the emitter, base, and collector regions; and applying electrical signals with respect to the emitter, base, and collector electrodes to cause and control light emission from the cascade region.

An active inductance circuit comprising a signal terminal (OUT) and having voltage and current characteristics, as viewed from this terminal, which are identical to those of a circuit comprising an inductance, this active inductance circuit having a structure in which the drain terminal of a first MOS transistor M1 and the gate terminal of a second MOS transistor M2 different in conductivity type from the first MOS transistor are connected to the signal terminal, the gate terminal of the first MOS transistor is connected to the source terminal of the second MOS transistor, a capacitor and a current source are connected to the source terminal of the second transistor, the source terminal of the first MOS transistor and the drain terminal of the second MOS transistor are connected to a power source and other terminals of the capacitor and current source are connected to another power source.

A lithium primary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, a positive electrode case, a negative electrode case, a gasket, and a non-aqueous electrolyte. The negative electrode includes: lithium or a lithium alloy; a lithium carboxylate layer formed on a surface of the lithium or lithium alloy; and a carbon layer formed on a surface of the lithium carboxylate layer. This configuration allows the lithium primary battery to have suppressed negative electrode polarization during discharge and improved large-current discharge characteristics in a low temperature environment and after high temperature storage.

A plate, an electrical interconnect formed by the plate, and a fuel cell assembly incorporating the electrical interconnect. The electrical interconnect is for use in a fuel cell stack. The fuel cell assembly is for use in the electrochemically active section of a fuel cell stack. The assembly includes one or more membrane electrode assemblies (MEA), each disposed between two flow field plates that distribute fuel and oxidant to the anode and the cathode, an additional flow field plate for passing coolant in order to cool the assembly and, possibly, a buss plate. At least one of the buss plates is an electrical interconnect of the present invention. The electrical interconnect is constructed to include one or more electrically conductive tabs, where one or more of the tabs are in turn coupled to a fuel cell health management (FCHM) device that is able to monitor, control, rejuvenate, supplement, and bypass the fuel cell assembly through the connection made via the tabs. The tabs may also be utilized as mounts and heat sinks for high power electronic components associated with the FCHM, the heat generated by these FCHM components being dissipated by the fuel cell stack cooling system. The plate members are made from a highly electrically conductive material such that the voltage drop across each plate member provided by an FCHM is small thus allowing the current density across the MEA to be essentially uniform since the voltage throughout the area of the plate is more uniform that in the usual plate design. The material of the plate member is advantageously selected based on its electrical and thermal conductivities and its chemical stability in the operating environment of the fuel cell.

A high-definition, high-intensity display apparatus having a plurality of semiconductor thin film light emitting elements and a plurality of linear electrodes connecting a power source to the light emitting elements, the linear electrodes being disposed so as to minimize the voltage drop across the linear electrodes.

Provided are: a supporting carbon material for a solid polymer fuel cell, said supporting carbon material making it possible to produce a high-performance solid polymer fuel cell in which there is little decrease in power generation performance as a result of repeated battery load fluctuation that inevitably occurs during operation of the solid polymer fuel cell; and a catalyst metal particle-supporting carbon material. The present invention relates to: a supporting carbon material for a solid polymer fuel cell, said supporting carbon material being a porous carbon material in which the specific surface area of mesopores having a pore diameter of 2-50 nm according to nitrogen adsorption measurement is 600-1,600 m2 / g, the relative intensity ratio (IG′ / IG) of the peak intensity (IG′) of the G-band 2,650-2,700 cm−1 range to the peak intensity (IG) of the G-band 1,550-1,650 cm−1 range in the Raman spectrum is 0.8-2.2, and the peak position of the G′-band is 2,660-2,670 cm−1; and a catalyst metal particle-supporting carbon material.

A circuit configuration for the limiting of current intensity and / or the edge slope of electrical signals includes: a voltage source; a switching element connected to the voltage source and equipped for switching the voltage source; and a limiting unit functionally positioned between the switching element and the voltage source, the limiting unit being equipped to limit a current intensity and / or an edge slope of an electrical signal in response to a switching process of the voltage source while using the switching element.

A high voltage semiconductor device is provided and includes an n−-type region encompassed by a p− well region and is provided on a p−-type silicon substrate. A drain n+-region is connected to a drain electrode. A p base region is formed so as to be separate from and encompass the drain n+-region. A source n+-region is formed in the p base region. Further, a p−-region is provided that passes through the n−-type region to the silicon substrate. The n−-type region is divided, by the p−-region, into a drift n−-type region having the drain n+-region and a floating n−-type region having a floating electric potential.

A battery system includes a battery pack, a detecting portion, a storage portion, and a determining portion. The battery pack includes serially-connected parallel battery units each of which includes battery cells connected in parallel. The detecting portion detects voltage and current of the units, and calculates the accumulated current value of each of the units. The storage portion stores reference voltage values to be associated the accumulated current value of each of the units. The determining portion reads, from the storage portion, one of the reference voltages corresponding to the accumulated value of each of the units, and compares the read reference voltage with the detection voltage of the each of the units. Thus, a battery cell internal short circuit is detected if the difference between the detection voltage and the read reference voltage exceeds a threshold.

In a current driver, a gate of a first generating transistor, gates of K driving transistors, and a gate of a second generating transistor are connected to a gate line in this order. A first differential amplifier outputs a voltage determined according to the difference between a voltage from a first supply node and a voltage at the drain of the first generating transistor. A second differential amplifier outputs a voltage determined according to the difference between a voltage from a second supply node and a voltage at the drain of the second generating transistor. The gate of the first generating transistor receives the output of the first differential amplifier. The gate of the second generating transistor receives the output of the second differential amplifier.

A method of deriving a reference voltage for a data slicer features supplying a signal to a filter and filtering the signal; supplying the filtered signal to a comparator which comprises the data slicer; passing the signal prior filtering through an RC circuit; and using the output of the RC circuit as the reference voltage for the comparator.

An amplifier 2c amplifies a transmit signal and outputs the amplified transmit signal to an antenna 10. A drive current for driving the amplifier 2c is inputted to a drive current input terminal 7. A current divider circuit 41 is provided between the drive current input terminal 7 and the amplifier 2c, and divides the drive current among a plurality of paths. The current divider circuit 41 includes a plurality of switching elements provided in the paths, respectively, and switched between a conduction state and a blocking state; and a resistance element 13 provided in at least one of the plurality of paths. A detection section 5 detects an electrical parameter in the resistance element. A control section 6 switches the plurality of switching elements between a conduction state and a blocking state, based on the electrical parameter detected by the detection section 5.

A voltage regulator provides a regulated output voltage [108] from an input voltage [100] using control unit [106] to control a switched capacitor circuit [102] to periodically produce different output voltage levels Vx followed by a low pass filter [104] to give a regulated output voltage. Phase interleaving is used where the phases of different voltage levels are interleaved allowing for increased effective switching frequency and reduced switching losses. By controlling the average voltage on the flying capacitors, output voltage is regulated by modulating the resistance of the switches using a duty cycle. A control unit [106] is used to determine the operation region of the voltage regulator device and configure the switched capacitor circuit in each operation region. The controller contains a state machine that determines the switches configuration in each phase of a complete switching cycle.

A circuit configuration for the limiting of current intensity and / or the edge slope of electrical signals includes: a voltage source; a switching element connected to the voltage source and equipped for switching the voltage source; and a limiting unit functionally positioned between the switching element and the voltage source, the limiting unit being equipped to limit a current intensity and / or an edge slope of an electrical signal in response to a switching process of the voltage source while using the switching element.

An input device includes an input circuit including a plurality of key switches connected in parallel to one another, and a control circuit including a key input terminal to which a first terminal of the input circuit is connected, and an interrupt terminal to which a second terminal of the input circuit is connected. When a key switch is turned ON, an interrupt signal is input from the second terminal of the input circuit to the interrupt terminal, whereby the control circuit transitions from a power saving mode to a normal mode. Then, the control circuit determines which one of the key switches is turned ON based on a value of a voltage applied from the first terminal of the input circuit to the key input terminal. Thus, it is possible to realize a power saving mode without having to provide a comparator.

In a feed unit for feeding fuel to an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle, inductors are arranged on the outer side of a housing component of an electric motor. The inductors are fabricated in one piece with connecting lines and have a large line cross section and therefore a particularly small voltage drop. The housing component is of particularly compact design.

An amplifier 2c amplifies a transmit signal and outputs the amplified transmit signal to an antenna 10. A drive current for driving the amplifier 2c is inputted to a drive current input terminal 7. A current divider circuit 41 is provided between the drive current input terminal 7 and the amplifier 2c, and divides the drive current among a plurality of paths. The current divider circuit 41 includes a plurality of switching elements provided in the paths, respectively, and switched between a conduction state and a blocking state; and a resistance element 13 provided in at least one of the plurality of paths. A detection section 5 detects an electrical parameter in the resistance element. A control section 6 switches the plurality of switching elements between a conduction state and a blocking state, based on the electrical parameter detected by the detection section 5.

A lighting device includes: a DC power source circuit; an output control circuit including a chopping switch to adjust an output current by chopping of the chopping switch; light source switches respectively connected to the light sources; and a control unit for controlling a time period for which a current flows in the light sources. The control unit controls the output control circuit such that an operation period for which the chopping is conducted and a stop period for which the chopping is stopped are repeated alternately and performs switchover of the light source switches to be sequentially and selectively turned on, and the switchover is conducted during the stop period with a time interval from a beginning of the stop period.