34 results about "Osmotic power" patented technology

Carbon Dioxide capture processes utilizing ammonia, or ammonia in water as the capture fluid for carbon dioxide generate concentrated solutions of ammonium carbonate species in water, which are subsequently decomposed to capture the carbon dioxide and recycle the ammonia. Forward osmosis processes utilize ammonium carbonate species as draw solutions to pull water from saline solutions such as seawater in the ammonium carbonate solution. The ammonium carbonate solution is then heated to decompose the ammonium carbonate to ammonia and CO2 which are both reused, while a portion of the aqueous stream is recovered as pure water. Combination of carbon capture process with an integrated forward osmosis process provide great economies over standalone operations. Furthermore, the very high concentrations of ammonium carbonate provide a further opportunity to include osmotic power recovery cycles with the integrated forward osmosis and carbon capture process.

An apparatus for osmotic power generation and desalination of seawater using a salinity difference is provided.The apparatus for osmotic power generation and desalination using a salinity difference includes: a first osmotic membrane reactor having a first salt water position space and a third salt water position space separated by a first forward osmotic membrane; a second osmotic membrane reactor having a second salt water position space and a draw solution position space separated by a second forward osmotic membrane; a high pressure pump connected between the second salt water position space and the third salt water position space and supplying salt water which has passed through the second salt water position space to the third salt water position space and pressurizing salt water, which has passed through the second salt water position space, to supply it to the third salt water position space such that pressure retarded osmosis can be made in the first osmotic membrane reactor; a desalination unit obtaining fresh water by separating a draw solute from a draw solution diluted through a transmission of water in salt water of the second salt water position space by way of the draw solution position space; and a turbine driven by flow force of salt water discharged from the third salt water position space to produce electric energy.

Carbon Dioxide capture processes utilizing ammonia, or ammonia in water as the capture fluid for carbon dioxide generate concentrated solutions of ammonium carbonate species in water, which are subsequently decomposed to capture the carbon dioxide and recycle the ammonia. Forward osmosis processes utilize ammonium carbonate species as draw solutions to pull water from saline solutions such as seawater in the ammonium carbonate solution. The ammonium carbonate solution is then heated to decompose the ammonium carbonate to ammonia and CO2 which are both reused, while a portion of the aqueous stream is recovered as pure water. Combination of carbon capture process with an integrated forward osmosis process provide great economies over standalone operations. Furthermore, the very high concentrations of ammonium carbonate provide a further opportunity to include osmotic power recovery cycles with the integrated forward osmosis and carbon capture process.

The invention discloses a sea water desalination device based on pressure retardation osmosis and reverse osmosis and a method thereof. The sea water desalination device comprises a concentration difference power unit, a sea water desalination unit and a pressure transfer element positioned between the concentration difference power unit and the sea water desalination unit. The concentration difference power unit comprises a hollow seal water chamber No. 1, a hollow concentrated seawater chamber adjacent to the hollow seal water chamber No. 1, and an osmotic membrane positioned between the hollow seal water chamber No. 1 and the hollow concentrated seawater chamber, and the concentration difference power unit is used for converting salinity gradient power of sea water with different concentrations into static pressure. The sea water desalination unit comprises a hollow seal water chamber No. 2, a hollow fresh water chamber adjacent to the hollow seal water chamber No. 2, and a reverse osmosis membrane positioned between the hollow seal water chamber No. 2 and the hollow fresh water chamber, and under the effect of static pressure, the reverse osmosis membrane only allows water molecules to pass through, thereby achieving sea water desalination. The pressure transfer element can move or deform, and transfers static pressure to the seal water chamber No.2 through self moving or deforming. The device has a compact structure, only uses seawater salinity gradient energy for sea water desalination, does not consume high-grade energy and is green and environmental-friendly.

A Floating Salt Farm is an offshore system in which its purpose is to produce crystallized salt and bittern using the evaporation process. This present application is regarding three different applications of the bittern produced using the Floating Salt Farm: (1) An osmotic power (or salinity gradient power) plant is used jointly with the Floating Salt Farm to generate electricity at offshore locations by using produced bittern and extracted seawater; (2) The bittern and / or crystallized salt to be used to melt ice and snow are produced with the Floating Salt Farm by using seawater, in which has been affected by volcanic activities and has substantial silica content (silicon dioxide); (3) In a halophyte farm, where there may not be saline water readily available, the bittern produced using the Floating Salt Farm is applied to the saline soil to adjust its salinity level to maintain proper conditions for halophytes.

The present application comprises symbiotic reverse osmosis train system for maximizing desalinated water recovery, meanwhile yielding high salinity brine suitable for osmotic power generation or commercial salt production; trains comprise series of number of cells operating in interrelated sequential pattern within a salinity field. Each cell forms a closed hydraulic brine loop having pumping means, power recovery means and shared semipermeable membranes between adjacent cells, defining the boundaries of flow path within a given cell, using applicant's technology for semipermeable Flat Sheet Membranes [FSM] or Hollow Fiber Membranes [HFM] intended for new and novel development in Hypersalinity processes and applications in desalination and osmotic power generation of brackish, seawater and brines of 15% salinity or more. Charging each cell in the train of plurality of cells with a formulated brine having a specified ionizable inorganic salt concentration and type, without permitting mixing of the given brines among the adjacent cells in the plurality of cells, allowing the train of multiple cells to achieve water recovery exceeding 85% with concentrated rejected brine of 28-30% salt content that is recoverable by evaporation / crystallization for commercial use. Highlighting, the first of its kind, a large scale Seashore Tower of flat Sheet membrane [FSM] for Induced Osmotic Desalination Plant of a capacity 28-56 million cubic meter per year (15 billion gallons per year) at a recovery rate of 85%, and rejected brine salinity of 28-30%, either used for sodium chloride salt recovery of 1-2 million metric tons per year, or to generate Induced Osmotic Power of 25-50 MW.

An induced symbiotic osmosis system and method for treating produced fluids from a hydraulic fracturing process or system for symbiotic fluids fractionation, salinity power generation, brines and salts solution reverse osmosis. The system includes a reverse osmosis membrane assembly to create potable water from produced water. The membrane assembly includes a hollow fiber or flat sheet membrane and headers to transfer desalinated water therefrom. The system can include an electro coagulation system, an ultra or nano filtration system, and a desalter to treat the produced water or brine. A heat exchanger can be positioned between adjacent reverse osmosis membrane assemblies. An osmotic power generation unit can create electrical power by receiving and utilizing produce water and brine water from a brine storage. The system reduces the release of global warming contributing gases associated with hydraulic fracturing, while producing potable water and power.

An osmotic power generator comprising an active membrane supported in a housing, at least a first chamber portion disposed on a first side of the active membrane for receiving a first electrolyte liquid and a second chamber portion disposed on a second side of the active membrane for receiving a second electrolyte liquid, a generator circuit comprising at least a first electrode electrically coupled to said first chamber, and at least a second electrode electrically coupled to said second chamber, the first and second electrodes configured to be connected together through a generator load receiving electrical power generated by a difference in potential and an ionic current between the first and second electrodes. The active membrane includes at least one pore allowing ions to pass between the first and second sides of the membrane under osmosis due to an osmotic gradient between the first and second electrolyte liquids to generate said difference in potential and ionic current between the first and second electrodes.

A process for the generation of electricity comprises the steps of extracting a warm saline stream from a geothermal formation, and converting latent osmotic energy present in said stream into electricity by passage through an osmotic power unit in which said stream is passed over one side of a semi-permeable membrane which permits the passage of water but not the passage of salts, an aqueous stream of lower salinity than said stream being passed over the other side of said membrane. The temperature of said warm saline stream is reduced before said stream enters the osmotic power unit by passage through a thermal power unit in which thermal energy present in said stream is converted into electricity.

Disclosed is a thin film composite hollow fiber that includes an outer support layer having a thickness of 10 to 10000 μm and a polyamide thin film layer having a thickness of 1 to 10000 nm; and has a transmembrane pressure resistance rate of higher than 15 bar and a pure water permeability rate of higher than 0.8 Lm−2 h−1 bar−1. Also disclosed are methods of preparing the above-described support and composite hollow fiber.

The apparatus for osmotic power generation and desalination using a salinity difference includes: a first osmotic membrane reactor having a first salt water position space and a third salt water position space separated by a first forward osmotic membrane; a second osmotic membrane reactor having a second salt water position space and a draw solution position space separated by a second forward osmotic membrane; a high pressure pump connected between the second salt water position space and the third salt water position space; a desalination unit obtaining fresh water by separating a draw solute from a draw solution diluted through a transmission of water in salt water of the second salt water position space by way of the draw solution position space; and a turbine driven by flow force of salt water discharged from the third salt water position space to produce electric energy.

An environmental protection type durable water ink for silk screen point is prepared from ink, bletilla tuber juice, cold boiled water, and Chinese prickly ash juice through proportional mixing and stirring. Its advantages are high osmotic power to paper, no worm eating, and no decoloring.

The invention relates to the technical field of seawater salinity difference energy. The invention further discloses fresh water flood control equipment utilizing the seawater salinity difference energy. The equipment includes a shell, wherein the bottom of the shell is movably connected with a buoyancy spring; a sliding groove is formed in the buoyancy spring; the surface of the sliding groove isslidably connected with a screw. The upper end of the screw rod is movably connected with a power generation wheel; fan blades are movably connected to the surface of the power generation wheel; buffer springs are movably connected to the surfaces of the fan blades, a supporting plate is movably connected to the tops of the buoyancy springs, a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the surface ofthe supporting plate, a permeable membrane is fixedly connected to the surface of the lifting plate, a conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the surface of the permeable membrane, and a flow dividingpipe is fixedly connected to the end, away from the permeable membrane, of the conveying pipe. The buoyancy springs float upwards, push the lifting plates to move upwards through the supporting plates and extend out of the entrances and exits, then the height of the dam is increased, fresh water is continuously led out of the reservoir, and therefore the effect of conducting flood diversion and embankment prevention through salinity gradient energy is achieved.

The present invention discloses and claims a more efficient and economical method and system for osmotic energy production and capture using responsive compounds and molecules. The present invention is an energy harvest system enabled by stimuli responsive draw solutions that are competent in terms of energy production, geographic location flexibility, and the affordable, efficient and economical production and delivery of osmotic power. Specifically, the present invention is a novel osmotic power system that uses stimuli responsive draw solutions, economically feasible larger permeable membranes, and low grade heat sources to deliver osmotic power more efficiently and economically with less negative environmental impact, greater power output, and located in more geographically diverse areas of the world than previously thought possible for supporting such a power source.

A process for the generation of power is disclosed. The process comprises receiving a wastewater stream containing organic matter and passing the wastewater stream to an anaerobic digester in which the organic matter contained therein is broken down to produce biogas. The liquid content of said wastewater stream is reduced before said stream enters the anaerobic digester by passing the wastewaterstream through an osmotic power unit. The said stream is passed over one side of a semi-permeable membrane which permits the passage of water but not the passage of salts, an aqueous stream of highersalinity than said wastewater stream being passed over the other side of said membrane such that latent osmotic energy present in said aqueous stream of higher salinity is converted into electricity.

The invention relates to the technical field of seawater salinity difference energy, and discloses energy-saving and environment-friendly power generation equipment for desalinating seawater by utilizing seawater salinity difference energy. According to the energy-saving and environment-friendly power generation equipment capable of desalinating seawater by utilizing seawater salinity difference, a limiting piece plays a role in protecting the equipment, a rotating shaft meshed with a screw rod is gradually acted to move downwards and move into a power generation bin, and internal cooling liquid is changed from a blocky solid state into a liquid state under the action of an adaptive rail on a sliding groove and the starting action of an induction switch piece; seawater salinity difference energy is formed, and seawater is pumped into a reverse osmosis seat by utilizing the low pressure. In addition, a transmission shaft is pushed to operate in the downward moving process of the rotating shaft, the transmission shaft drives a low-pressure component to rotate synchronously, the low-pressure component and seawater in the reverse osmosis seat are desalted synchronously, and the low-pressure component and the reverse osmosis seat operate synchronously, so that the operation steps are saved, the working time is shortened, the working efficiency is improved, and the economic cost is saved.

A process for the generation of electricity comprises the steps of extracting a warm saline stream from a geothermal formation, and converting latent osmotic energy present in said stream into electricity by passage through an osmotic power unit in which said stream is passed over one side of a semi-permeable membrane which permits the passage of water but not the passage of salts, an aqueous stream of lower salinity than said stream being passed over the other side of said membrane. The temperature of said warm saline stream is reduced before said stream enters the osmotic power unit by passage through a thermal power unit in which thermal energy present in said stream is converted into electricity.

The invention discloses a multistage flash evaporation seawater desalination-pressure delay osmotic salinity gradient power generation coupled system and an operation method thereof. The system comprises a brine heater, a multistage flash evaporation heat recovery section, a multistage flash evaporation heat discharge section, a pressure exchanger, a booster pump, a pressure delay osmotic membraneassembly, a water turbine, a natural seawater introducing pump, a cooling seawater discharge pump, a product fresh water extracting pump, a CO2 removal device, a deoxygenization device and a vacuumizing device which are connected with one another. According to the invention, strong brine and seawater discharged by a multistage flash evaporation system are respectively introduced into the absorbing liquid side and the feed liquid side of the pressure delay osmotic membrane assembly for osmotic power generation; the flow ratio of absorbing liquid to the feed liquid is adjusted through a feed liquid flow control valve; a pressure difference between the two sides of the pressure delay osmotic membrane assembly is adjusted through the booster pump; and the ratio of flow at the two sides of thepressure exchanger is adjusted through a flow control valve. The energy utilization efficiency of the whole system can be improved, the salinity of strong brine discharged by the system is reduced, and influence on the ecological environment is reduced.

The present application includes a symbiotic reverse osmosis train system for maximizing desalinated water recovery, meanwhile yielding high salinity brine suitable for osmotic power generation or commercial salt production. The trains comprise a series of cells operating in an interrelated sequential pattern within a salinity field. Each cell forms a closed hydraulic brine loop having pumping means, power recovery means and shared semipermeable membranes between adjacent cells. Used are a semipermeable Flat Sheet or Hollow Fiber Membrane in desalination and osmotic power generation of brackish, seawater and brines of 15% salinity or more. Charging each cell in the train of cells with a formulated brine having a specified ionizable inorganic salt concentration and type, without permitting mixing of the given brines among adjacent cells. Allowing the train to achieve water recovery exceeding 85% with concentrated rejected brine of 28-30% salt content.

The invention discloses a sea water desalination device based on pressure retardation osmosis and reverse osmosis and a method thereof. The sea water desalination device comprises a concentration difference power unit, a sea water desalination unit and a pressure transfer element positioned between the concentration difference power unit and the sea water desalination unit. The concentration difference power unit comprises a hollow seal water chamber No. 1, a hollow concentrated seawater chamber adjacent to the hollow seal water chamber No. 1, and an osmotic membrane positioned between the hollow seal water chamber No. 1 and the hollow concentrated seawater chamber, and the concentration difference power unit is used for converting salinity gradient power of sea water with different concentrations into static pressure. The sea water desalination unit comprises a hollow seal water chamber No. 2, a hollow fresh water chamber adjacent to the hollow seal water chamber No. 2, and a reverse osmosis membrane positioned between the hollow seal water chamber No. 2 and the hollow fresh water chamber, and under the effect of static pressure, the reverse osmosis membrane only allows water molecules to pass through, thereby achieving sea water desalination. The pressure transfer element can move or deform, and transfers static pressure to the seal water chamber No.2 through self moving or deforming. The device has a compact structure, only uses seawater salinity gradient energy for sea water desalination, does not consume high-grade energy and is green and environmental-friendly.

An electricity generation process is disclosed. The process comprises injecting an aqueous feed stream into a salt formation to dissolve the salt contained therein, and then extracting a saline stream containing said dissolved salt from the salt formation. The process also comprises converting latent osmotic energy present in said saline stream into electricity by passage through an osmotic power unit comprising a semi-permeable membrane which permits the passage of water but not the passage of salts in which said saline stream is passed over one side of the semi-permeable membrane, a low salinity stream being passed over the other side of said membrane. The process also comprises using an output stream derived from the low salinity stream as the aqueous feed stream.

A process for generating power from a warm saline steam (1) obtained from geothermal sources. The process involves extracting a warm saline stream (1) from an underground geothermal formation (2), reducing the temperature of the saline stream (1) by passing the stream through a thermal power unit (5) in which thermal energy present in the stream is extracted. The process also involves converting latent osmotic energy present in the stream into electricity by passing the stream through an osmotic power unit (7) comprising a semi-permeable membrane (8). The output stream (13) derived from passage through the osmotic power unit is injected into a second, different underground formation.

The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater salinity difference energy, and discloses energy-saving type water quality sampling detection equipment based on a seawater salinity productivity principle. A storage seat is fixedly connected to the interior of a bearing seat; a filter membrane is movably connected to the interior of the storage seat; a pushing and holding seat is movably connected to the interior of the storage seat; a pushing and holding spring is movably connected into the pushing and holding seat; a trapezoidal seat is movably connected to the side surface of the pushing and holding seat; torque reducing wheels are rotatably connected to the upper surface and the lower surface of the trapezoidal seat; movable rods are rotatably connected to the upper side and the lower side of the trapezoidal seat; a cutting head is movably connected to one end of each movable rod; a pressurizing rod is movably connected to the other side of the trapezoidal seat; rotating rods are movably connected to the upper side and the lower side of the pressurizing rod correspondingly; and a threaded column is fixedly connected to the interior of the bearing seat; and the detection seat can detect the water quality, can detect the water quality of different water levels, is more convenient to use, and brings beneficial effects to the detection of the water quality.

A process for generating power from a warm saline steam (1) obtained from geothermal sources. The process involves extracting a warm saline stream (1) from an underground geothermal formation (2), reducing the temperature of the saline stream (1) by passing the stream through a thermal power unit (5) in which thermal energy present in the stream is extracted. The process also involves converting latent osmotic energy present in the stream into electricity by passing the stream through an osmotic power unit (7) comprising a semi-permeable membrane (8). The output stream (13) derived from passage through the osmotic power unit is injected into a second, different underground formation.

The invention relates to the technical field of seawater salt capacity, and discloses a device for generating power by utilizing seawater salinity gradient energy and quickly overturning to clean bottom attachments. The device comprises a suspension bin; a cleaning track is movably connected with the inner part of the suspension bin; fixing tracks are movably connected with the bottom of the innerpart of the suspension bin; reset rails are movably connected with the interiors of the fixing rails; connecting gears are movably connected with the interiors of the fixing rails; a blocking plate is movably connected between the two reset rails; clamping plates are movably connected with the interior of the blocking plate; turnover wheels are movably connected with the interiors of the fixing rails. According to the device for generating the power by utilizing the seawater salinity gradient energy and quickly overturning to clean the bottom attachments, oil-pressure pipes are arranged to input hydraulic oil into blocking rails; and meanwhile, control rails are movably connected with the right sides of the exteriors of connecting pipes below air pressure bins, the turnover wheels are controlled to rotate by half a circle, and the connecting gears are further controlled to rotate by half a circle, so that the effect of controlling the blocking plate to overturn is achieved, the effectof rapidly overturning the blocking plate is achieved, and rapid cleaning is facilitated.

The invention belongs to the field of osmotic power generation equipment, and specifically discloses a pressure-delayed osmotic power generation system, aiming to solve the problems of large pressure fluctuations and high energy consumption of the existing PRO power generation system. The pressure-delayed osmotic power generation system includes an osmosis device, a dilute solution pool, a concentration device and a power generation device, and also includes a voltage stabilizing device and a water storage device. The water storage device can be used to store concentrated solution and recover pressure energy. By installing the pressure stabilizing device of the present invention between the concentrated solution side and the water storage device, not only can the system pressure be kept stable during the power generation process, but also system pressure fluctuations can be reduced. , and it is beneficial to achieve and maintain the optimal back pressure in the power generation system, which can reduce the use of stabilizing pumps and booster pumps in the power generation system, significantly reduce the system's own energy consumption, and thus increase the power generation of the system.

A process for the generation of power is disclosed. The process comprises receiving a wastewater stream containing organic matter and passing the wastewater stream to an anaerobic digester in which the organic matter contained therein is broken down to produce biogas. The liquid content of said wastewater stream is reduced before said stream enters the anaerobic digester by passing the wastewater stream through an osmotic power unit. The said stream is passed over one side of a semi-permeable membrane which permits the passage of water but not the passage of salts, an aqueous stream of higher salinity than said wastewater stream being passed over the other side of said membrane such that latent osmotic energy present in said aqueous stream of higher salinity is converted into electricity.

Disclosed is a thin film composite hollow fiber that includes an outer support layer having a thickness of 10 to 1000 μm and a polyamide thin film layer having a thickness of 1 to 10000 nm; and has a transmembrane pressure resistance rate of higher than 15 bar and a pure water permeability rate of higher than 0.8 Lm−2h−1bar−1. Also disclosed are methods of preparing the above-described support and composite hollow fiber.

The invention belongs to the field of osmotic energy power generation equipment, in particular to a pressure flow converter and a pressure delay osmotic energy power generation system. The invention aims to solve the problems of low power generation power density caused by relatively low impregnated liquid flow and high energy consumption of the existing pressure delay osmotic energy power generation system. The pressure flow converter comprises a small cylinder body, a middle seal cover, a big cylinder body and a piston connecting rod, wherein a small cylinder piston and a big cylinder piston are respectively arranged in each inner cavity of the small cylinder and the big cylinder; and the two ends of the piston connecting rod are connected with a small cylinder piston and a big cylinder piston respectively. The pressure delay osmotic energy power generation system comprises the pressure flow converter. By utilizing the pressure flow converter, the liquid medium flow of a hydraulic generator can be significantly improved, so that the flow efficiency of the power generator is improved, and the power density of the power generator is improved. The pressure delay osmotic energy power generation system can ensure that concentrated solution side can reach desired back pressure under the condition that external pressure is not applied so that the energy consumption is effectively reduced.