The invention discloses a spatial stereo wireless automatic monitoring system and method for short wave emission antenna efficiency. The system comprises a monitoring, a lithium battery power supply module, an SD card spare storage module, a wireless network module, an integrated test module, an ARM system master control module and other parts. A monitoring control management and data processing server comprises a UAV monitoring flight path planning module, a wireless network module, a monitoring data recording and storage module, a monitoring data analysis and processing module, a record report and graph representing module and a monitoring data modeling and evaluation module. According to the invention, the real-time detection of the change of the spatial electromagnetic signal during the operation of the short wave emission antenna, the measurement, recording and storage of information of the actual radiation efficiency and the like is carried out. The real-time monitoring data combined with the actual flight path of the UAV are processed by the existing stereo space model. Compared with the theoretical threshold, the health status of the short wave emission antenna is determined, and related modes for the performance change of the short wave emission antenna, the remaining life and the availability are established.