The invention discloses a transmit-receive sharing dual-polarization waveguide array antenna, which comprises a dual-polarization antenna unit and a waveguide feed network, wherein the dual-polarization antenna unit is composed of a radiation port, a main waveguide, a transition waveguide, a vertical polarization waveguide, a horizontal polarization waveguide and a polarization switching waveguide. A method of a horizontal polarization and a vertical polarization sharing the same one aperture is utilized, so that the aperture utilization efficiency of the antenna is increased. The horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization adopt a waveguide feed mode, so that the loss of the feed network is reduced, and the antenna has high antenna efficiency. Two polarizations to a radiation unit adopt the same polarization feed mode, wherein the vertical polarization is direct feed, the radiation to the horizontal polarization adopts the vertical polarization feed, and the horizontal polarization of the radiation is realized through a waveguide step transition and slot-coupling mode.