The invention discloses a hydraulic indexing tool rest. The hydraulic indexing tool rest comprises a box body, a fixed axle, a cutter, a fixed tooth ring, a movable tooth ring, a tooth disk connecting plate, a
piston, a
hydraulic motor, a driving gear, a fixed axle gear, a parallel conjugate
cam indexing mechanism, a
signal sending wheel, a cutter locking sensor, a cutter spacing conversion sensor, a checkout wheel, a cutter sensor and a
control system for controlling action of the
piston and controlling action of the
hydraulic motor, wherein the fixed tooth ring is meshed and matched with the movable tooth ring; the fixed tooth ring is fixedly connected with the tooth disk connecting plate; the movable tooth ring is fixedly connected with the cutter; the driving gear is movably connected with the parallel conjugate
cam indexing mechanism; and the
hydraulic motor is movably connected with the parallel conjugate
cam indexing mechanism so as to drive continuous input motion of the hydraulic motor to be converted into intermittent output motion of the driving gear. According to the hydraulic indexing tool rest, the tool changing speed and tool changing precision can be improved, the cutter is driven to rotate with
hydraulic pressure, indexing, loosening and locking actions are smooth, the torque is large and stable, and the hydraulic indexing tool rest is suitable for
machine tools for heavy
cutting and continuous indexing requirements.