The invention discloses a spatial spectrum attention hyperspectral image classification method based on Octave convolution, and solves the problems of large class spacing, small different class spacing and low classification accuracy in the prior art. The scheme is as follows: inputting images to be classified and preprocessing data, dividing a training set and a test set, constructing an Octave convolutional neural network, determining a loss function of the Octave convolutional neural network, training and updating the Octave convolutional neural network, testing the data of the test set, and completing hyperspectral image classification. According to the method, Octave convolution operation is used to reinforce feature representation, and a spatial attention mechanism and a spectral attention mechanism are introduced, so that the network can more accurately find an area which is more beneficial to classification and contains more comprehensive and detailed information. The method ishigh in classification precision and strong in robustness, and can be applied to analysis and management of hyperspectral image data.