The embodiment of the invention discloses a portable drum-type banknote box. In this way, the banknote box device is smaller in size, lighter in weight, convenient to assemble, disassemble and move and capable of performing audit work on a plurality of ATMs; in addition, a locking function is achieved, and the situation that banknotes are exposed and rolled out by human poke can be effectively prevented. The portable drum-type banknote box comprises a shell (42), a large winding drum gear (36), a small winding drum gear (35), a connecting socket (38) and a self-locking mechanism. The self-locking mechanism comprises an electromagnet (34), a spring (40), a spring (41), a lock rod (30), a lock rod (31) and a pull rod (33). The upper end of the pull rod (33) is installed to the electromagnet (34) in a paired mode, and the lower end of the pull rod (33) is movably connected with the lock rod (30). The embodiment of the invention further provides an ATM. The banknote device can be smaller in size, lighter in weight, convenient to assemble, disassemble and move and capable of performing audit work on the ATMs; in addition, the locking function is achieved, and the situation that the banknotes are exposed and rolled out by the human poke can be effectively prevented.