The utility model discloses an axle inflation structure and an axle. The axle inflation structure comprises a shaft head, a hub, an air outlet
assembly and an air inlet
assembly. A
flange of the hub is provided with an air conveying channel, and the air conveying channel forms an air outlet and an annular air inlet in the outer end face and the inner end face of the
flange respectively. The inner end of the air outlet
assembly is matched with the air outlet and communicated with the air conveying channel, and the outer end of the air outlet assembly is communicated to an air tap of the tire. The air inlet assembly is matched with the air inlet and communicated with the air conveying channel, the air inlet assembly comprises a fixing support fixedly connected with the shaft head, the fixing support is provided with an air
inlet channel communicated with the air inlet, the inner end of the air
inlet channel is connected with an air inlet
pipe used for being communicated with a whole vehicle air
pressure system, and an installation gap is formed between the fixing support and the
flange. And a sealing ring is arranged in the mounting gap. By means of the structural design, the tire can be inflated through a whole vehicle air
pressure system, automatic inflation is achieved, inflation at a designated place is not needed, and therefore tire inflation is convenient and flexible.