The invention discloses an injection process of a chemical heat generating system in a thick oil storage layer; a cold production mode is used for injecting as follows: heat generating agent slug injection, separation liquid slug injection, trigger agent slug injection, replacement liquid slug injection, well closing and well opening production; a steam injection heat production mode is used for injecting as follows: steam preheating slug injection, heat generating agent slug injection, separation liquid slug injection, trigger agent slug injection, replacement liquid slug injection, well braising and well opening production; the process is simple in steps, reasonable in design, convenient to operate, safe and reliable in injection process and excellent in use effect, and can simply finish the injection process of the chemical heat generating system in the thick oil storage layer; moreover, the invention further discloses injection equipment of the chemical heat generating system in the thick oil storage layer; the equipment comprises four liquid mixing devices and one liquid injection pipe connected with a shaft of a target well; a plunger pump, a pressure detecting unit and a fifth one-way valve are mounted on the liquid injection pipe; and the equipment is simple in structure, reasonable in design, convenient for pipeline connection, simple in use and operation and excellent in use effect.