The invention discloses a self-propelled cleaning method and a self-propelled cleaning device for manures in a dairy farm. The self-propelled cleaning method is characterized in that a motor is used as a power source, and is connected with a transmission assembly by belt pulleys, the transmission assembly provides power for wheels connected onto a support, accordingly, the support advances, and the manures in the dairy farm are shoveled by a shovel loader arranged at the front end of the support, and are cleaned in a self-propelled manner. The self-propelled cleaning method and the self-propelled cleaning device have the advantages that an advancing mode and an operation mode of a mini-tiller suitable for a site of the dairy farm are adopted, a manure cleaning machine is small in size and flexible in operation, and inconvenience in cleaning due to activity of cattle can be effectively prevented; the motor is used as the power source, so that working noise of the manure cleaning machine is reduced, and is prevented from injuring and scaring the cattle during operation; the motor is connected with the transmission assembly by the belt pulleys, and accordingly the problem of oil leakage when an existing motor is connected with an existing transmission assembly by splines is solved; various shortcomings such as large sizes, heavy weight and loud noise of an existing manure cleaning machine are overcome, and the self-propelled cleaning device is simple in structure, reasonable in function and flexible in operation.