The invention belongs to the technical field of molecular biology DNA molecular markers, and discloses a polymorphic microsatellite molecular marker, primers and applications of the polymorphic microsatellite molecular marker of the balsamina chinensis. / R, 57324F / R, 29968F / R, 6321F / R, 17156F / R, 16775F / R, 23957F / R, 11365F / R, 50660F / R, 2904F / R, 45390F / R, 43219F / R, 20549F / R , 9153F / R, 31370F / R and 852F / R, the nucleotide sequences of the polymorphic microsatellite molecular markers of the fish lacking beetles are shown in SEQ.ID.No.1-12 respectively. The present invention can be used for the analysis of population genetic diversity and population genetic structure of A. chinensis.