89 results about "DNA paternity testing" patented technology

Blood plasma of pregnant women contains fetal and (generally>90%) maternal circulatory extracellular DNA. Most of said fetal DNA contains ≦500 base pairs, said maternal DNA having a greater size. Separation of circulatory extracellular DNA of <500 base pairs results in separation of fetal from maternal DNA. A fraction of a blood plasma or serum sample of a pregnant woman containing, due to size separation (e.g. by chromatography, density gradient centrifugation or nanotechnological methods), extracellular DNA substantially comprising ≦500 base pairs is useful for non-invasive detection of fetal genetic traits (including the fetal RhD gene in pregnancies at risk for HDN; fetal Y chromosome-specific sequences in pregnancies at risk for X chromosome-linked disorders; chromosomal aberrations; hereditary Mendelian genetic disorders and corresponding genetic markers; and traits decisive for paternity determination) by e.g. PCR, ligand chain reaction or probe hybridization techniques, or nucleic acid arrays.

A method and apparatus are provided for identifying a biological sample obtained during either paternity screening, genetic screening, prenatal diagnosis, presymptomatic diagnosis, diagnosis to detect the presence of a target microorganism carrier detection analysis, forensic chemical analysis, or diagnosis of a subject to determine whether a subject is afflicted with a particular disease or disorder, or is at risk of developing a particular disorder, wherein the result obtained from the analysis is associated with the unique DNA fingerprint biological barcode of the genotype of the subject being analyzed. The methods and apparatus of the invention have application in the fields of diagnostic medicine, disease diagnosis in animals and plants, identification of genetically inherited diseases in humans, family relationship analysis, forensic analysis, and microbial typing.

This invention describes a nucleic acid testing procedure in a form of portable device or a test kit for the purposes of clinical genetic testing, infectious disease diagnostics, biodefense, forensic analysis, paternity testing, pet and cattle breeding, food testing, etc. This testing does not include toxic chemicals and is simple enough to be used by an average individual without any special laboratory training. The procedure includes collecting the sample, potential isothermal amplification of the whole genomic DNA or a fragment of genomic DNA, denaturing double-stranded DNA into single-stranded form, hybridizing the denatured sample DNA to single-stranded allele-specific tester oligonucleotides complementary to the analyzed DNA sequence of interest, selective removal of single-stranded DNA from DNA hybrids, and finally detecting the label in double-stranded hybrids to determine the presence or absence of a particular sequence in the initial sample.

The invention relates to a composite amplification system of 23 short tandem repeat sequences and a kit, is used for detecting heredity mark gene of polymorphism in a mankind genome, and belongs to the biology technical field. The invention relates to a scheme that a plurality of short tandem repeat sequences are simultaneously amplified in a PCR system; a specific gene locus comprises 22 short tandem repeat sequences with high level heredity polymorphism and 1 gender determination locus; primers are respectively designed and a fluorophore is marked; the system has very high individual recognition rate and non-father elimination rate; the system and kit can be used for legal medical individual recognition, paternity tests, and colony genetics analysis, is high in accuracy, and good in sensitivity.

The present invention provides novel polymorphisms on the Y chromosome and methods of using these polymorphisms as well as known polymorphisms on the Y chromosome as indicators of evolutionary heritage. The polymorphisms of the present invention clustered to specific regions of the Y chromosome, and polymorphisms of particular use to the present methods are found in the non-recombining region of the human Y chromosome (NRY). These polymorphisms, including SNPs, insertions, and deletions, may be useful for numerous applications, including forensics, paternity testing, diagnosis and the like.

The invention relates to a microsatellite multi-PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) for a turbot paternity test, which comprises the steps of: extracting DNA from an individual turbot, screening pleomorphic microsatellite markers of the turbot, synthesizing a primer, constructing turbot multi-PCR systems and carrying out genealogy and paternity tests. In the method, two multi-PCR systems are established for the turbot genealogy and paternity tests, the steps of multi-PCR amplification, electrophoresis and silver staining are carried out on an individual to be tested so as to acquire microsatellite marker gene type data, cluster analysis for a genealogy test is carried out by adopting NTsys sofeware, and the paternity test is carried out by adopting Cervus2.0 software. The invention realizes that four microsatellite sites are simultaneously detected in one PCR, thus compared with the traditional PCR method, the efficiency of the method is improved by around 4 times, and the method can be subjected to the field test in a breeding base. The invention has the characteristics of high efficiency, economy, simplicity, convenience, easy operation and the like and can be popularized and applied in the aspects of germplasm identification, genealogy management and selective breeding of fine breeds for the turbots.

The invention discloses a microsatellite fluorescent multiple PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method used in paternity testing of grass carps. The method comprises the following steps: 1, extracting DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) of an individual grass carp individual; 2, sieving a grass carp polymorphism microsatellite primer; 3, optimizing and amplifying a grass carp microsatellite multiple PCR condition; 4, performing paternity testing. According to the method, microsatellite marking and multiple fluorescent PCR technologies are combined, thirteen high-polymorphism microsatellite sites are sieved, three multiple fluorescent PCR systems are constructed, and high-throughput individual identification and parenthood analysis are performed on grass carp families through typing of a sequencer. By adopting the method, a novel technical measure is provided for the germplasm identification, family management and evaluation of multiplication release effect of grass carps.

The invention relates to a detection method of nucleic acid, particularly discloses a whole base sequence typing of mitochondria and a determination method thereof, specifically 26 pairs of PCR primer for mitochondria sequencing and a typing method based on the primers. The 26 pairs of PCR primer which are adopted by the invention cover the total length of mitochondria genome, wherein, primer 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 24-1 and 24-2 are designed renewedly based on Chinese population and has the pertinence of the typing of Chinese population. The amplified fragment which corresponds to the primer 24-1 is the minimum and equals to 420bp. The amplified fragment which corresponds to the primer 22 is the maximum and equals to 1162bp. The dimensions of all PCR fragments are moderate and favorable for PCR amplification. The 26 pairs of PCR primer of the invention is utilized in the laboratory of applicant for investigating the community information of Chinese nation, and the whole sequence information of Chinese population is submitted to GENEBANK databases. The result shows that the invention can be definitely applied in the field of individual recognitions, paternity testing and gene diagnosis of the field of forensic medicine, anthropology, genetics and disease.

The present invention relates to methods of processing and / or enriching cells from a pregnant female. More particularly the invention provides methods for processing and / or enriching fetal cells from a pregnant female. The enriched fetal cells can be used in a variety of procedures including, detection of a trait of interest such as a disease trait, or a genetic predisposition thereto, gender typing and parentage testing.

The invention relates to a composite amplification kit of 47 human autosome and Y chromosome loci and an application thereof. The invention provides a composite amplification system of the 47 human autosome and Y chromosome loci, which comprises specific primers for amplifying the 47 loci, wherein the 47 loci comprise 19 autosome STR loci, 27 Y chromosome STR loci and 1 sex recognition locus. The47 pairs of specific primers are subjected to grouping fluorescence labeling by utilizing a six-color fluorescence labeling technology, and the simultaneous high-efficiency, specific and sensitive amplification of the 47 human autosome and Y chromosome loci is achieved through the design and optimization of primer sequences and working concentrations. The detection result of the composite amplification system has high individual identification capability and good data compatibility, and can be used for paternity identification and individual identification in practice, so that the detection cost of human DNA typing is effectively reduced, and the detection working efficiency is improved.

Screening conditions of SNP sites in paternity identification detection are optimized, and a multi-PCR primer group formed by SNP genetic marker sites is built according to the screening conditions. Human paternity identification is carried out by adopting the primer group, so that the defects of non-invasive paternity identification in early pregnancy can be overcome, the accuracy is high, and the multi-PCR primer group can be applied to judicial expertise and forensic medicine study.

The invention discloses a method for detecting noninvasive paternity tests through high-throughput sequencing. The method comprises steps as follows: extracting genome DNA: extracting fetus free DNA in fresh blood of a pregnant woman, pregnant DNA and suspected father DNA; performing PCR amplification by use of an amplicon kit containing multiple SNP sites, and enriching the fetus free DNA, the pregnant DNA and the suspected father DNA respectively; performing library construction on a purified multiple PCR amplification product with a library construction kit; performing quality control on a constructed library with real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Agilent 2100 for preparation of online sequencing; performing sequencing: performing bioinformatics analysis on an online sequencing result with software and identifying whether the genetic relationship exists. The method has the advantages of non-invasion, safety, high throughput, low cost and the like.

A method and apparatus are provided for identifying a biological sample obtained during either paternity screening, genetic screening, prenatal diagnosis, presymptomatic diagnosis, diagnosis to detect the presence of a target microorganism carrier detection analysis, forensic chemical analysis, or diagnosis of a subject to determine whether a subject is afflicted with a particular disease or disorder, or is at risk of developing a particular disorder, wherein the result obtained from the analysis is associated with the unique DNA fingerprint biological barcode of the genotype of the subject being analyzed. The methods and apparatus of the invention have application in the fields of diagnostic medicine, disease diagnosis in animals and plants, identification of genetically inherited diseases in humans, family relationship analysis, forensic analysis, and microbial typing.

The present invention relates to a method of enriching free fetal nucleic acids from a cervical sample. The enriched fetal nucleic acids can be used in a variety of procedures including, detection of a trait of interest such as a disease trait, or a genetic predisposition thereto, gender typing and parentage testing.

The invention relates to microsatellite marker primers for identification of an Acipenser dabryanus family. Through a transcriptome sequencing technology, Unigenes of the screened Acipenser dabryanus are screened, microsatellite loci in the Unigenes sequence are detected, according to flanking sequences at two ends of each one of the microsatellite molecular marker loci, specific primers of the molecular marker are labeled, the specific primers are subjected to PCR amplification, the stability and polymorphism of the amplification result are detected, and 18 effective microsatellite markers are acquired. Through the microsatellite marker primers, according to the polymorphism of the microsatellite marker primers, a parentage identification platform of Acipenser dabryanus is built and the basis is provided for Acipenser dabryanus selection and breeding matching.

The present invention relates to a method of enriching fetal nuclei from a sample. Enriched fetal nuclei can be used in a variety of procedures including, detection of a trait of interest such as a disease trait, or a genetic predisposition thereto, gender typing and parentage testing.

A microsatellite multiple fluorescent PCR method for E. coioides paternity testing is disclosed. The method includes (1) a step of extracting individual DNAs of E. coioides; (2) a step of screening E. coioides polymorphic microsatellite primers; (3) a step of optimizing E. coioides eightfold PCR conditions and performing amplification; and (4) a step of performing paternity testing. The method combines microsatellite marking and a multiple fluorescent PCR technique, eight polymorphic microsatellite loci are screened and an eightfold fluorescent PCR system is built. The eightfold fluorescent PCR system is verified by utilizing the E. coioides family. The method is simple and rapid to operate and low in cost, can be popularized and applied in E. coioides germplasm identification, family management and improved-variety selection, and provides a novel technical means for assessment of enhancement and releasing effects.

The invention discloses a microsatellite family identification method for ictalurus punctatus. The microsatellite family identification method comprises the following steps: (1) breeding an ictalurus punctatus family by adopting an artificial propagation method, and carrying out polyculture on 100 family descendants in one pond; (2) analyzing gene types of an ictalurus punctatus breeding group on 18 microsatellite marker sites by adopting a fluorescence marking primer and a multi-PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification method; screening 10 effective microsatellite markers which have high polymorphism and are suitable for family identification; (3) optimizing a multi-PCR amplification system of the 10 microsatellite markers and analyzing gene types of the polycultured descendants on 10 microsatellite marker sites; (4) identifying a parental origin of each descendant according to the gene types of parents and the descendants. According to the microsatellite family identification method disclosed by the invention, a paternity testing method is established for the ictalurus punctatus for the first time and the identification accuracy reaches 96.6 percent; polyculture individual parents of the ictalurus punctatus can be rapidly and accurately identified. The microsatellite family identification method disclosed by the invention can be used for rapidly and accurately carrying out family identification on the polyculture individual parents of the ictalurus punctatus, and the breeding effect is improved.

The invention discloses a human Y chromosome 37 STR loci fluorescence labelled multiplex amplification kit and an application thereof. The kit comprises a specific primer for amplifying 37 Y-STR lociwhich comprise 30 low-mutation Y-STR loci and 7 rapid-mutation Y-STR loci. The kit comprises 30 low-mutation and 7 rapid-mutation rate high-polymorphism Y-STR loci, considers distinguishing of checking of a male family and different male individuals of a same male line, and is the Y-STR detection product with a maximum loci quantity on market. The primer in the kit has the advantages of strong specification, high sensitivity, and accurate parting result, and practical case examination, DNA database construction and paternity identification requirements can be completely satisfied. The kit hasstrong check-material adaptability.

The invention discloses a forensic physical evidence paternity testing and individual identification parameter calculating method. The calculation of a paternity index, a biological full-sib state consistency score and an individual identification matching probability of paternity testing in forensic practice is carried out by adopting an Excel table; when parameters are calculated, a corresponding kit and a corresponding calculation formula are found; an allele is input into a corresponding locus of the Excel table to generate the parameters. The method disclosed by invention is combined with forensic physical evidence practice, and simple and easy, efficient and accurate calculation software is designed and programmed by taking genetic data of Yunnan population and kits which are commonly used in each laboratory and have stable properties as the foundation, so that the calculation of important forensic parameters including the paternity index, the biological full-sib state consistency score and the individual identification matching probability of the paternity testing in the forensic practice and the like can be solved very well, and powerful helps and technical supports are provided for more objectively and more conveniently obtaining testing opinions.

The invention provides a screening method and application of SSR loci for paternity testing, which relates to the field of biotechnology. Firstly, all the potential SSR loci are identified from the whole genome sequence of the species to be screened, and then the candidate SSR loci are screened and filtered in turn. Then, according to the genetic characteristics of the SSR loci to be screened, thesimulated parents are constructed and hybridized to produce offsprings to verify the characteristics of the SSR loci that can be used for paternity testing. Then, the candidate SSR loci are sorted according to PE values, and the SSR loci are selected according to the following conditions: (b1) MAF value <= M, (b2) that proportion of missing value is less than 10%; (b3) the distance between any two SSR loci is greater than the LD attenuation distance; (b4) the repeat unit is not less than N. SSR loci satisfying the above conditions can be used for paternity testing.

The invention relates to the technical field of fish molecular marker and genetic resource identification, in particular to a method for identifying an odontobulis mpotamophila family. The method comprises the steps of 1, building and breeding an odontobulis mpotamophila family to be tested; 2, extracting DNAs of parents and hybrids of the odontobulis mpotamophila family to be tested; 3, screening and synthetizing polymorphism microsatellite primers of odontobulis mpotamophila; 4, amplifying microsatellite primers of the parents and hybrids of odontobulis mpotamophila; 5, identifying systems and genetic relationships of the odontobulis mpotamophila. According to the method, different systems can be accurately and rapidly identified, paternity testing can be performed on the odontobulis mpotamophila, artificial breeding is optimized, in-breeding degeneration is avoided, technical support is provided for building the family tree of odontobulis mpotamophila cultured stocks and formulating scientific population genetic management strategy, and the reliable method is provided for later large-scale family identification and paternity testing of odontobulis mpotamophila.

The invention relates to a primer group for fluorescence labeling compound-amplification used for synchronously analyzing 27 genetic loci of human genomic DNA, a kit and application thereof the kit and belongs to the technical field of molecular biology. 27 genetic loci are divided into five groups and totally relate to fluorescence labels of six colors; a fluorescence labeling compound amplification system disclosed by the invention is high in sensitivity and capable of detecting all 27 genetic loci when the DNA template amount is 0.12ng. The system is suitable for directly amplifying blood filter paper and FTA card acquired samples, and can be applied to individual recognition and paternity test.

The invention relates to a composite amplification kit for 25 human chromosome loci and application thereof. The invention provides a composite amplification system of the 25 human chromosome loci. The system includes specific primers for amplifying the 25 loci including 23 autosomal STR loci, 1 gender recognition locus and a Y chromosome Indel locus. The 25 pairs of specific primers are subjectedto group fluorescence labeling by the six-color fluorescent labeling technology. Through design and optimization of the primer sequence and the working primer concentration, simultaneous efficient specific sensitive amplification of the 25 human chromosome loci is achieved. A detection result of the composite amplification system has high individual recognition capability and good data compatibility, and can be used in practice for paternity testing and individual recognition, thereby effectively reducing the detection cost of human DNA typing and improving the detection working efficiency.

By utilizing a Mini-Primer strategy targeting the target site duplication (TSD) sequence of retrotransposons, insertion and null allele (INNUL) markers, which include short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs), and composite SVA retrotransposons (SINE / VNTR / Alu, where VNTR represents “variable number of tandem repeats” and Alu represents a type of primate specific SINE that has reached a copy number in excess of one million in the human genome), can be effectively used as markers for human identification and bio-ancestry studies regardless of the size of the inserted element. The size of the amplicons for INNULs and the difference between allelic states can be reduced substantially such that these markers have utility for analyzing high and low quality human DNA samples. Multiplexes including either 15 or 20 retrotransposable element (RE) markers plus Amelogenin for single tube amplification of DNA in four color detection were successfully designed. The multiplexes provided power of discrimination suitable for forensic and paternity analyses.

The invention discloses a new kind of ten STR gene loci for Y chromosome and the typing method, which is characterized in that polyacrylamide gel is utilized for electrophoresis typing; the ten STR gene loci for Y chromosome, which can be applied in forensic medicine field, are screened out with silver staining coloration method; furthermore, the allelic ladder of each locus is prepared; a PCR primer and the expansion condition of the Y chromosome STR locus are optimized; wherein the optimization to the PCR primer and the expansion condition and the preparation of allelic ladder can be standardized and simplified, which is suitable for popularization of base unit. The ten STR gene loci for Y chromosome can be applied for individual identification, paternity testing and gene diagnosis in forensic medicine, anthropology, genetics, disease and other field. The new kind of ten STR gene loci for Y chromosome and the typing method has the advantages of wide application prospect, which is particularly suitable for paternity testing in the condition of patrilateral loss such as death or missing in forensic medicine practice and individual identification of mixed stain in rape and gang-rape cases, in particular to the identification to suspect having azoospermia or oligospermia disease.

The invention provides a fluorescently-labeled X-InDel locus composite amplification system. By means of the system, eighteen insertion-deletion genetic polymorphism loci on an X chromosome can be compositely amplified, wherein the eighteen loci are respectively labeled with three fluoresceins FAM, HEX and TAMRA. The composite amplification system is high in sensitivity and individual identification rate, is high in polymorphism, is good in stability and repeatability, is accurate in typing results and can satisfy a practical requirement. A kit can be manufactured on the basis of the composite amplification system, can be used for paternity test, dyad paternity test, grandparent and grandchild test, sibling test and individual identification. New technologies can be provided for the fields such as anthropology, medical genetics and the like.

The invention discloses a gene detection kit which is used for detecting cell chimerism or individual recognition, in particular relating to an oligonucleotide array sequence, a kit and a method usedfor detecting cell chimerism or individual recognition. The kit utilizes gene insertion / deletion polymorphism (INDELs) and site-specific fluorescent quantitative PCR to quantitatively detect that different individuals of human beings have chimerism or microchimerism of foreign body cells, which can be used for the detection of mother and son / daughter cell microchimerism, cell chimerism of donor / receptor after the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells or other organs and residual diseases after the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells of leukemia, and for the forensic individual identification, paternity test and the like. The kit in the invention has good specificity and high detection sensitivity, can accurately and quantitatively detect with convenient operation and with norequirement of special devices; and when adopting the method in the invention to carry out individual identification detection, only agaroseelectrophoresis is needed to distinguish the results.

The invention relates to a composite amplification kit for 38 human Y chromosome loci and application thereof. The invention provides a composite amplification system of the 38 human Y chromosome loci. The system includes specific primers for amplifying the 38 loci including 35 STR loci and 3 Indel loci. The 38 pairs of specific primers are subjected to group fluorescence labeling by the six-colorfluorescent labeling technology. Through design and optimization of the primer sequence and the working concentration, simultaneous efficient specific sensitive amplification of the 38 human Y chromosome loci is achieved. A detection result of the composite amplification system has high individual recognition capability and good data compatibility, and can be used in practice for paternity testing and individual recognition, thereby effectively reducing the detection cost of human DNA typing and improving the detection working efficiency.