The invention relates to a control method and a control device of a photovoltaic- diesel oil compound power supply system, computer equipment, and a storage medium. The control method comprises steps that a changing value of solar radiation illuminance, a real-time maximum output power of a photovoltaic power generation system, and micro-power grid load are acquired, and according to the changing value of solar radiation illuminance, the real-time maximum output power of the photovoltaic power generation system, and the micro-power grid load, the photovoltaic power generation system is operated in a frequency adjusting mode, an active power adjusting mode, or a maximum power point tracking mode; in the active power adjusting mode, backup active power is reserved for the photovoltaic system according to the output power of the photovoltaic system and the stored maximum power point; according to the operation mode of the photovoltaic power generation system, a diesel generator is operated in a generator mode or a synchronous capacitor mode. By adopting the control method, the output power of the photovoltaic power generation system is adjusted freely according to the requirements of the micro-power grid under the condition of the maximum power, and therefore a certain power residual is kept to participate in a micro-power grid auxiliary adjusting function, and then the frequency stability and the voltage stability of the micro-power grid are improved, and costs are reduced.