41results about How to "Density unevenness" patented technology

A solid electrolytic capacitor (A1) includes a first and a second porous sintered bodies (1). Each sintered body (1) is flat, with its thickness being small relative to the width or the length. The first and the second sintered bodies (1) are spaced from each other in the widthwise or lengthwise direction.

An image is output, the image having high quality in which density unevenness due to an end-deviation is excellently reduced in all colors in forming an image with use of a bidirectional inkjet printing head provided with ejection port arrays of a plurality of colors for small droplets of ink. Thereby, distributions of print permission rates of mask patterns to be used in performing a multi-pass printing are made different from each other in accordance with a distance between the two ejection port arrays for the same kind of ink. Thus, the degree of the end-deviation depending on the distance between the two ejection port arrays can be suppressed for every ejection port array.

A printing apparatus and a printing method are provided which, even if a print position misalignment occurs between a plurality of print scans during a multipass printing, can minimize density variations in a unit area reliably and stably, thus producing an image without density unevenness. For this purpose, multi-grayscale-level image data is converted into a plurality of dot arrangement patterns that determine individual subpixels either to be printed or not to be printed with a dot. Then, these dot arrangement patterns are printed overlappingly on a print medium in different print scans of the print head. At this time, the plurality of dot arrangement patterns are so arranged that, if these dot arrangement patterns are shifted from one another, a change in the dot-overlapping area ratio will be smaller than when the dots are arranged separately so that they do not overlap one another.

A solid electrolytic capacitor (A1) includes a first and a second porous sintered bodies (1). Each sintered body (1) is flat, with its thickness being small relative to the width or the length. The first and the second sintered bodies (1) are spaced from each other in the widthwise or lengthwise direction.

Provided is an inkjet printing apparatus for performing a printing with a first nozzle array for ejecting a first color ink and a second nozzle array for ejecting a second color ink. The apparatus reduces density unevenness stemming from a sudden error in conveyance of a printing medium. When the apparatus performs a scan with respect to the printing medium for printing in which using ranges of nozzles in the first and second nozzle arrays are restricted to parts thereof, the restricted using ranges of the first and second nozzle arrays are shifted from each other. Thereby, the density unevenness stemming from the error in conveyance occur in positions which are different between the first and second colors, Thus, it possible to make the overall density unevenness less obvious by making gradients of variations in brightness and chroma of an image smaller.

The present invention presents a stencil mask in which various surface patterns can be formed, and in which deformation is suppressed when charged particles are introduced. A stencil mask of the present invention is provided with a semiconductor stack. A first penetrating hole corresponding to an ion introducing area is formed in a first semiconductor layer of the semiconductor stack, and second penetrating holes are formed in a second semiconductor layer, these second penetrating holes having a width greater than the width of the first penetrating hole. The first penetrating hole and the second penetrating holes communicate and pass through the semiconductor stack. Beam members extending between adjacent second penetrating holes connect portions of the first semiconductor layer separated by the first penetrating hole.

According to the present invention, each printing head includes chips wherein a plurality of nozzles are prepared. The density of dots formed by ejecting ink from the nozzles is detected for each chip, and when a density difference between the chips is smaller than a predetermined value, print data are corrected, and the number of dots is adjusted so as to reduce the density difference. When the density difference is equal to or greater than the predetermined value, first, a drive pulse for the nozzles is modulated and the volume of ink to be ejected for one dot is adjusted so as to reduce the density difference. Thereafter, the print data is corrected, and the number of dots to be formed is controlled so as to reduce the density difference.

A liquid jetting apparatus jetting a liquid onto a recording medium conveyed in a first direction includes head units arranged in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction. One head unit includes nozzle chips; one nozzle chip has a nozzle arrangement area wherein nozzles are aligned in a third direction crossing the first and second directions. The nozzle chip is arranged to be shifted relative to another nozzle chip in a direction crossing the first and second directions and different from the third direction. The head unit has a first overlapping portion wherein nozzle arrangement areas of first and second nozzle chips included in the nozzle chips partially overlap with each other in the first direction. The liquid jetting apparatus has a second overlapping portion wherein nozzle arrangement areas of third and fourth nozzle chips included in the head units partially overlap with each other in the first direction.

A printing apparatus and a printing method are provided which, even if a print position misalignment occurs between a plurality of print scans during a multipass printing, can minimize density variations in a unit area reliably and stably, thus producing an image without density unevenness. For this purpose, multi-grayscale-level image data is converted into a plurality of dot arrangement patterns that determine individual subpixels either to be printed or not to be printed with a dot. Then, these dot arrangement patterns are printed overlappingly on a print medium in different print scans of the print head. At this time, the plurality of dot arrangement patterns are so arranged that, if these dot arrangement patterns are shifted from one another, a change in the dot-overlapping area ratio will be smaller than when the dots are arranged separately so that they do not overlap one another.

In an electrophotographic apparatus (e.g., a photocopier or laser printer), an electrophotographic photosensitive member (image-forming part) has a metal substrate roughened on its surface, a metal oxide-containing undercoat layer on the substrate, and an organic photosensitive layer over the undercoat. A coherent light source (e.g., laser) can cause interference fringes that degrade the printed image. Interference fringes are judged (or predicted) as follows: The surface reflectance is measured at intervals over the spectral width of the light source. The measured surface reflectance is corrected, using a mirror-surface conductive substrate as a reference, to obtain a reflectance of the photosensitive member. The reflectance is subjected to a discrete Fourier transformation, which generates a power spectrum, over the spectral width of the light source, from the reflectance as a function of the wavelength. Interference fringes are judged from the maximum peak value in the power spectrum, as compared to a predetermined value.

A method of manufacturing ceramic bodies comprising the steps of: preparing a ceramic sheet; forming through holes in the ceramic sheet, each of the through hole forming at least one part of the contour of each ceramic bodies; and cutting the ceramic sheet into pieces of ceramic bodies. The ceramic sheet can be a single ceramic sheet or a laminate of ceramic sheets. The method of manufacturing ceramic bodies further comprises a step of forming a recess in the ceramic sheet, or pressure molding or partially removing of the ceramic body, as required. The manufacturing method provides inexpensive production of small ceramic elements having a complicated shape and extremely smooth surfaces with less uneven filling and nonuniform density.

Provided are a light emitting element and a light emitting device with improved light emission intensity distribution. A light emitting element includes a light-transmissive substrate, an n-type semiconductor layer, a first p-type semiconductor layer, a first p-side electrode, a first n-side electrode, a second p-type semiconductor layer, a second p-side electrode, and a second n-side electrode. A light emitting device includes the light emitting element, and an external connection electrode provided at the light emitting element on a side opposite to the light-transmissive substrate. The external connection electrode includes an n-side external connection electrode connected to the first n-side electrode and the second n-side electrode, a first p-side external connection electrode connected to the first p-side electrode, and a second p-side external connection electrode connected to the second p-side electrode.

A develop roller includes a magnet roller, and a develop sleeve containing the magnet roller and comprising a plurality of depressions in an elliptic shape regularly arranged with an interval in a longitudinal direction on a surface onto which developer is attracted by a magnetic force of the magnet roller, wherein the depressions are arranged such that a longitudinal direction of the depressions is intersected with the longitudinal direction of the develop sleeve, and a downstream side of the depressions are formed to be deeper than an upstream side in a rotary direction of the develop sleeve.

When executing the gradation lowering processing to a data area in the lower side in multi-valued print data 403, an error generated by executing the gradation lowering processing to the data area in the lower side is stored in an information storage area 901B. On the other hand, the error thus distributed and stored is used for executing the gradation lowering processing to the data area “J” (Jth line) in multi-valued print data 404 relating to the next scan. In this way the error generated when executing the gradation lowering processing to the multi-valued print data is stored, which is used at the time of executing the gradation lowering processing to the multi-valued print data relating to the next scan. Therefore, the density is stored by receiving and delivering the error between the multi-valued print data in a scan unit.

An image is output, the image having high quality in which density unevenness due to an end-deviation is excellently reduced in all colors in forming an image with use of a bidirectional inkjet printing head provided with ejection port arrays of a plurality of colors for small droplets of ink. Thereby, distributions of print permission rates of mask patterns to be used in performing a multi-pass printing are made different from each other in accordance with a distance between the two ejection port arrays for the same kind of ink. Thus, the degree of the end-deviation depending on the distance between the two ejection port arrays can be suppressed for every ejection port array.

An inkjet printer includes a print head, a nozzle position and a print control section. The print head includes a plurality of nozzles to eject ink. The nozzle position specifying section is configured to specify a position of a first nozzle of the plurality of nozzles that exhibits defective ejection of the ink. The print control section is configured to eject the ink from the plurality of nozzles based on image data. The print control section is configured to determine a density of second pixels, which are positioned adjacent to first pixels to be printed by the first nozzle that was specified, and a density of third pixels, which are positioned adjacent to the second pixels except the first pixels, based on the image data, and to correct to increase the density of the second pixels and to reduce the density of the third pixels.

When an image processing apparatus of one aspect of this invention corrects input image data using correction values (misregistration correction amounts Δy), it determines whether or not image data to be corrected using amounts Δy includes a specific pattern which may cause density unevenness in an image to be formed. When the image processing apparatus determines that the image data includes the specific pattern, it modifies amounts Δy corresponding to pixels including the specific pattern of the amounts Δy using any of a plurality of different predetermined modulation amounts (modification values). Furthermore, the image processing apparatus corrects the image data for respective pixels using either the amounts Δy before modification, or the modified amounts Δy when the modification is done.

A semiconductor device including a well resistance element of high accuracy and high withstand voltage and a method of manufacturing the semiconductor device are provided.The semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, a well region, an input terminal, an output terminal, a separation insulating film, and an active region. The input terminal and the output terminal are electrically coupled to the well region. The separation insulating film is arranged to be in contact with the upper surface of the well region in an intermediate region between the input terminal and the output terminal. The active region is arranged to be in contact with the upper surface of the well region. The separation insulating film and the active region in the intermediate region have an elongated shape in plan view. In the intermediate region, a plurality of separation insulating films and a plurality of active regions are alternately and repeatedly arranged.

The present invention presents a stencil mask in which various surface patterns can be formed, and in which deformation is suppressed when charged particles are introduced. A stencil mask of the present invention is provided with a semiconductor stack. A first penetrating hole corresponding to an ion introducing area is formed in a first semiconductor layer of the semiconductor stack, and second penetrating holes are formed in a second semiconductor layer, these second penetrating holes having a width greater than the width of the first penetrating hole. The first penetrating hole and the second penetrating holes communicate and pass through the semiconductor stack. Beam members extending between adjacent second penetrating holes connect portions of the first semiconductor layer separated by the first penetrating hole.

An image forming apparatus including: an image forming section; and a control section allowing the image forming section to form a belt-shaped pattern on sheets in such a way that a formation starting position of the belt-shaped pattern is shifted for a distance, obtained by dividing a measurement-distance by a number of sheets to be used, in a main-scanning direction sheet by sheet; collecting, sheet by sheet, pieces of density information each of which indicates the density of the belt-shaped pattern at a measurement position of measurement positions; creating data in which the pieces of density information respectively correspond to the measurement positions arranged in the main-scanning direction on each of the sheets; and correcting density unevenness of image data in the main-scanning direction based on the created data, wherein the image forming section forms an image based on the image data of which the density unevenness is corrected.

After a first scan in a forward direction, conveying corresponding to one nozzle block is performed, and then in a second scan in a backward direction, printing of a “printing area 1,” which is a unit area, is completed. Then after completion of printing of the unit area, conveying corresponding to 14 nozzle blocks is performed. Then by reciprocal third and fourth scans, printing of a “printing area 2” is completed in a likewise manner. Subsequently, two scans in a reciprocal manner are performed in a likewise manner to perform printing of each unit area. In any unit area, printing time intervals between scans are such that, at a same position in a scan direction, the time interval is the same. Consequently, differences in density between unit areas that are adjacent in a conveying direction of a printing medium, that is, between-band unevenness becomes more difficult to recognize.

An electrophotographic developer is provided for realizing high-quality images and superior reproducibility of laser dots in a low coverage region and reduced unevenness of color in halftone solid images. The electrophotographic developer includes a toner and a carrier. The toner has a shape factor of 140 or less and a volume average particle size distribution GSDv of 1.3 or less. The carrier has a coat resin layer on a core material, the coat resin layer containing a conductive powder. The core material has a dynamic electric resistivity of 1 Ω·cm or less under an electric field of 104 V / cm in a form of a magnetic brush. The conductive powder has an electric resistivity of 101 Ω·cm or greater and 106 Ω·cm or less. The carrier has an electric resistivity in a range between 10 and 1×108 Ω·cm. An image forming method is also provided wherein the electrophotographic developer is used for development in a developing stage.

A process for producing a toner of the present invention includes: a first step of heating a dispersion containing an aqueous medium and a binder resin containing a crystalline resin to a temperature higher than or equal to a melting point of the crystalline resin; and a second step of maintaining the dispersion at temperature T (° C.) for 30 minutes or longer in a state where a pH of the dispersion is maintained at 5.5 or higher and 9.0 or lower, in which the temperature T satisfies the following expression, Rc−25≦T≦Rc−5, where the Rc represents a recrystallization temperature (° C.) of the crystalline resin.

An optical scanning apparatus in which streaks in an image or unevenness in density of an image caused by influences of dust, scratches and toner etc. on the surface of a reflecting member are unlikely to occur and excellent images can be always obtained and an image forming apparatus equipped with such an optical scanning apparatus are to be achieved. The apparatus comprises a first optical system for guiding a light beam emitted from light source unit to deflecting unit, the deflecting unit for reflecting and deflecting the light beam from the first optical system, a second optical system for guiding the light beam reflected and deflected by the deflecting unit onto a surface to be scanned through reflecting unit including n (n is an integer equal to or larger than 1) reflecting members. The apparatus satisfies the following conditions for the F-number Fnomain (mm) with respect to a main scanning cross section of an exit side of the second optical system and the smallest beam area Smin (mm2) among beam areas on reflecting surfaces of the n reflecting members on which a light beam is reflected during traveling on the optical axis of the second optical system: 70<FNOmain, and (0.004 / Smin)xn<0.03.

An optical scanning apparatus in which streaks in an image or unevenness in density of an image caused by influences of dusts, scratches and toner etc on the surface of a reflecting member are unlikely to occur and excellent images can be always obtained and an image forming apparatus equipped with such an optical scanning apparatus are to be achieved. The apparatus comprises a first optical system for guiding a light beam emitted from light source unit to deflecting unit, the deflecting unit for reflecting and deflecting the light beam from the first optical system, a second optical system for guiding the light beam reflected and deflected by the deflecting unit onto a surface to be scanned through reflecting unit including n (n is an integer equal to or larger than 1) reflecting members. The apparatus satisfies the following conditions for the F-number Fnomain (mm) with respect to a main scanning cross section of an exit side of the second optical system and the smallest beam area Smin (mm2) among beam areas on reflecting surfaces of the n reflecting members on which a light beam is reflected during traveling on the optical axis of the second optical system: 70<Fnomain, and (0.004 / Smin)×n<0.03.

A recording method for use in a recording system for completing an image by multiple scans of a recording head includes the steps of reading an image recorded by a predetermined number of scans among the multiple scans of the recording head except at least the last scan, and correcting, based on a result of reading the image in the reading step, data for an image to be recorded by one or more scans subsequent to the predetermined number of scans. An image is correctively recorded by performing one or more scans subsequent to the predetermined number of scans in accordance with the corrected data.

When an image processing apparatus of one aspect of this invention corrects input image data using correction values (misregistration correction amounts Δy), it determines whether or not image data to be corrected using amounts Δy includes a specific pattern which may cause density unevenness in an image to be formed. When the image processing apparatus determines that the image data includes the specific pattern, it modifies amounts Δy corresponding to pixels including the specific pattern of the amounts Δy using any of a plurality of different predetermined modulation amounts (modification values). Furthermore, the image processing apparatus corrects the image data for respective pixels using either the amounts Δy before modification, or the modified amounts Δy when the modification is done.

A printing apparatus has a conveyance roller configured to convey a sheet in a first direction, an encoder provided at the conveyance roller, a head having a plurality of nozzles aligned in a second direction intersecting with the first direction and being configured to jet liquid to the sheet which is conveyed in the first direction by the conveyance roller and a controller having a power circuit configured to apply voltage to the head for jetting the liquid. The controller is configured to: determine a jetting frequency for the head based on a signal outputted from the encoder; and change an output voltage of the power circuit depending on the determined jetting frequency.

A toner comprising a resin that contains an amorphous segment and a crystalline segment as a binder resin, wherein a proportion of a tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter of a resin component is from 40% by mass to 80% by mass; in differential scanning calorimeter measurement of the tetrahydrofuran-insoluble matter, where a temperature of a maximum endothermic peak is denoted by Tm [° C.] and an endothermic quantity is denoted by H(I) [J / g], the following formulas (1) and (2) are satisfied:55.0≤Tm≤80.0  (1)10.0≤H(I)≤80.0  (2).