The invention relates to a portable dual wheel tire inner treads detection device and detection method. The detection device comprises a mini camera, a horizontal self-locking telescopic rod, a vertical self-locking telescopic rod, a locking pull rod, a support rod, a pen type electric push rod, an anti-slip rubber mat, and a terminal display device. The detection device positions through a wheelhub clamping device, collects images of dual wheel tire inner treads, and displays images on the terminal device through methods of wireless data transmission and image splicing, so as to rapidly detect whether the dual wheel tire inner treads are scratched or damaged. The detection device is suitable for detecting dual wheel tire inner treads of different sizes and models, completes detection rapidly and accurately, and breaks limitation that a traditional detection method cannot be used universally and has a detection dead zone. The device has a compact structure, is convenient to operate, can be carried along with a vehicle, and allows a car owner to detect dual wheel tire inner treads independently any time any place.