55results about How to "Error component" patented technology

An instrument for establishing orientation of a pelvic prosthesis comprises a tri-pod having an angularly adjustable guide rod on it. The tips of the legs define a plane, and the guide rod is set by the surgeon to a defined orientation with respect to this plane on the basis of preoperative studies. In use, two of the legs of the instrument are positioned by the surgeon at defined anatomical locations on the pelvis (e.g., a point in the region of the posterior / inferior acetabulum and a point on the anterior superior iliac spine). The third leg then lands on the pelvis at a point determined by the position of the first two points, as well as by the separations between the third leg and the other two legs. The separations are adjustable, but are preferably fixed percentages of the separation between the first and second legs. The position of the guide rod then defines with respect to the actual pelvis the direction for insertion of a prosthesis.

An instrument for establishing orientation of a pelvic prosthesis comprises a tri-pod having an angularly adjustable guide rod on it. The tips of the legs define a plane, and the guide rod is set by the surgeon to a defined orientation with respect to this plane on the basis of preoperative studies. In use, two of the legs of the instrument are positioned by the surgeon at defined anatomical locations on the pelvis (e.g., a point in the region of the posterior / inferior acetabulum and a point on the anterior superior iliac spine). The third leg then lands on the pelvis at a point determined by the position of the first two points, as well as by the separations between the third leg and the other two legs. The separations are adjustable, but are preferably fixed percentages of the separation between the first and second legs. The position of the guide rod then defines with respect to the actual pelvis the direction for insertion of a prosthesis.

The present invention is related to methods and apparatus that advantageously permit the more efficient use of an input range of an analog-to-digital converter used by an adaptive predistortion linearized RF transmitter. A main signal component of a down-converted output of an RF transmitter is removed prior to the analog-to-digital conversion of the down-converted output, thereby allowing more of the input range of the analog-to-digital converter to capture an error signal component of the down-converted output. Embodiments of the present invention can thus adaptively tune the predistortion stage to a higher degree of linearity or can use lower cost analog-to-digital converters with fewer quantization steps for the same performance.

The invention is directed to a system for adaptively re-aligning a modulated output signal having an error component by generating a reference phase signal using a phase input signal; generating a sample phase signal from the output signal; comparing the reference and sample signals; and adaptively re-aligning any difference between the reference and sample signals to substantially reduce the error component. The invention may incorporate a sampling circuit for sampling the output signal to generate the sample signal; a digital phase locked loop for combining the phase input signal with a carrier wave to generate the reference signal and comparing them to generate a phase error signal; a reference filter for generating reference phase error information; a combining circuit for combining the phase error signal with the reference phase error information to generate a correction signal; and an adaptive gain control circuit for adaptively controlling gain in the correction signal to generate a final estimated error used to re-align the output signal with the phase input signal.

A magnetic field sensor has an error correction signal generator circuit to inject an error correction signal into a primary signal channel to cancel an error signal component in the primary signal channel.

To provide a temperature detection circuit and a semiconductor device capable of accurately detecting temperatures. A temperature detection circuit 10 includes a group of diodes 11 connected in series, a constant current source I1 connected to the group of diodes 11, a BGR circuit 13, an amplifier 14 for amplifying the BGR voltage, an adder 12 for subtracting a comparison voltage VD generated by the group of diodes 11 from a reference voltage serving as an output of the amplifier 14, a voltage current converter 15 for converting the output voltage of the adder 12 into the current, and a resistor R2 for converting its output current into the voltage. The reference voltage VA2 is a BGR voltage VBGR amplified by the same voltage as the comparison voltage VD at a predetermined temperature T1.

Communications paths are managed. An error is detected on a first storage processor. It is determined that the error resulted from a peer-to-peer communication from a second storage processor. The error on the first storage processor is handled by taking action short of causing the first storage processor to reset.

An organic light emitting diode display device is disclosed which includes: a scan switch controlled by a scan pulse on a gate line and connected between a data line and a first node; a driving switch which includes a gate electrode connected to the first node, a source electrode connected to a second node, and a drain electrode connected to a first driving voltage line; a sensing switch controlled by a sensing control signal and connected between the second node and a third node on a sensing line; and an organic light emitting diode connected between the second node and a second driving voltage line.

A magnetic field sensor has an error correction signal generator circuit to inject an error correction signal into a primary signal channel to cancel an error signal component in the primary signal channel.

A circuit for monitoring charge / discharge of a battery is disclosed. The circuit may comprise first and second terminal capacitors disposed for first and second terminals of a current detection resistor connected to a battery. The first and second terminal capacitors may develop an integrated voltage responsive to the charge / discharge current obtained from the individual terminals. The circuit may also include at least one comparator for comparing the individual integrated voltages developed by the first and second terminal capacitors with a reference voltage, the comparator having respective outputs which change when the individual integrated voltages reach the reference voltage. A terminal-by-terminal output change count difference output unit may count the number of times the output of the comparator changes and may output the difference between the number of times of change corresponding to the first terminal and the number of times of change corresponding to the second terminal.

A first detection unit has first and second detection circuits. A second detection unit has third and fourth detection circuits. Output signals of the second and fourth detection circuits differ from output signals of the first and third detection circuits in phase, respectively, by an odd number of times ¼ the signal period. The output signal of the third detection circuit differs from the output signal of the first detection circuit in phase by an integer multiple of ⅙ the signal period other than an integer multiple of ½ the signal period. A rotating field sensor generates a first signal based on the output signals of the first and third detection circuits, generates a second signal based on the output signals of the second and fourth detection circuits, and calculates a detected angle value based on the first and second signals.

A gas concentration measuring apparatus which has a gas sensor designed to measure, for example, the concentrations of O2 and HOx contained in exhaust emissions of an automotive engine is provided. The apparatus includes a signal processing circuit which converts a current signal outputted from the gas sensor as a function of the concentration of either of O2 and NOx into a voltage signal. The gas sensor and the signal processing circuit are connected electrically through a conductor. The conductor has a length which is determined as a function of a level of the current signal outputted from the gas sensor. The weaker the level of the current signal is, the shorter the length of the conductor. This minimizes addition of electrical noises to the current signal outputted from the gas sensor.

In an A / D conversion device, one level shift circuit shifts an input voltage to the low potential side by Vt1, and another level shift circuit shifts the input voltage to the high potential side by Vt2. A multiplexer selects either of the shifted voltages to an A / D converter. In a correction mode, a correction data holding circuit holds values of reference voltages that are also A / D converted after being passed through the one level shift circuit and values of reference voltages that are A / D converted by being passed through the other level shift circuit, as correction values. A correction control circuit corrects the A / D converted value using the correction values.

An inductive type position encoder includes a scale, a detector portion and a signal processor. The scale includes a periodic pattern of signal modulating elements (SME) arranged along a measuring axis, with a spatial wavelength W1. One type of SME in the pattern comprises similar conductive plates or loops. The detector portion comprises sensing elements and a field generating coil that generates a changing magnetic flux. The sensing elements may comprise conductive loop portions arranged along the measuring axis and configured to provide detector signals which respond to a local effect on the changing magnetic flux provided by adjacent SME's. In various implementations, the first type of SMEs have an average dimension DSME along the measuring axis direction that is greater than DSEN and at least .55*W1 and at most 0.8*W1, which provides advantageous detector signal characteristics.

In a telecommunications transmitter and receiver two IQ-mixers of the same type are operated in 180 degrees phase shift. In both the transmitter and receiver, an input signal is coupled to each IQ-mixer and the output signal of the mixers are combined so as to cancel unwanted error components in each individual output signal. In the transmitter, residual carrier signals are cancelled, and in the receiver, DC-offsets are cancelled. In both, the wanted signals are added, doubling the amplitude of the resultant output signal leading to four times more output power and improved dynamic range.

A rotating element control system includes a rotating element rotatably disposed on a main body, a first sensing unit which senses a rotational speed of the main body, a driving unit which drives the rotating element, a second sensing unit which senses a rotational speed of the rotating element, a torque compensation unit which generates a first compensation signal within a first range and a second compensation signal within a second range, and a stabilization control unit which controls the driving unit based on the first and second compensation signals and a difference between a speed of a command to drive the rotating element and the rotational speed of the rotating element.

In order to reduce an error component of a detected waveform and enable high-accuracy position detection, there is provided an optical encoder, in which a transmittance distribution or a reflectance distribution provided in a scale track in a displacement scale has a first modulation period and a second modulation period in a scale displacement direction, the light receiving element array is arranged to detect a first signal group including two-phase signals, relative phases of which are reversed, in the first modulation period and a second signal group including two-phase signals, relative phases of which are reversed, in the second modulation period, first position information in the first modulation period is detected from the first signal group, and second position information in the second modulation period is detected from the second signal group, and the second modulation period is an odd multiple of the first modulation period.

An angle sensor includes a first to a fourth detection unit and an angle detection unit. Each of the first to the fourth detection unit generates two detection signals. The first to the fourth detection unit are arranged in a positional relationship that establishes predetermined phase relationships among the detection signals they generate. The angle detection unit performs operations using the detection signals to generate a first and a second signal in which an error component corresponding to a fifth or higher-order harmonic and an error component corresponding to a harmonic of the order other than the fifth order are lower than those in the detection signals. The angle detection unit then calculates a detected angle value on the basis of the first and the second signal.

A digital input signal passes through a principal path, containing at least one sigma-delta modulator having a transmission function and a digital-to-analog converter, and at least one parallel path, connected in parallel to the principal path and having at least one sigma-delta modulator and a digital-to-analog converter. The sigma-delta converter produces an analog output signal by summing the analog output signals of the principal and parallel paths. A differential signal from which at least the noise outside a useful band has been filtered is obtained from the digital output signal of the sigma-delta modulator of the principal path and the input signal that has been spectrally formed by a filter, according to the transmission function of the sigma-delta modulator in the principal path. This differential signal is supplied as the input signal to the sigma-delta modulator in the parallel path(s).

The invention is directed to a system for adaptively re-aligning a modulated output signal having an error component by generating a reference phase signal using a phase input signal; generating a sample phase signal from the output signal; comparing the reference and sample signals; and adaptively re-aligning any difference between the reference and sample signals to substantially reduce the error component. The invention may incorporate a sampling circuit for sampling the output signal to generate the sample signal; a digital phase locked loop for combining the phase input signal with a carrier wave to generate the reference signal and comparing them to generate a phase error signal; a reference filter for generating reference phase error information; a combining circuit for combining the phase error signal with the reference phase error information to generate a correction signal; and an adaptive gain control circuit for adaptively controlling gain in the correction signal to generate a final estimated error used to re-align the output signal with the phase input signal.

A first detection unit has first and second detection circuits. A second detection unit has third and fourth detection circuits. Output signals of the second and fourth detection circuits differ from output signals of the first and third detection circuits in phase, respectively, by an odd number of times ¼ the signal period. The output signal of the third detection circuit differs from the output signal of the first detection circuit in phase by an integer multiple of ⅙ the signal period other than an integer multiple of ½ the signal period. A rotating field sensor generates a first signal based on the output signals of the first and third detection circuits, generates a second signal based on the output signals of the second and fourth detection circuits, and calculates a detected angle value based on the first and second signals.

A digital input signal passes through a principal path, containing at least one sigma-delta modulator having a transmission function and a digital-to-analog converter, and at least one parallel path, connected in parallel to the principal path and having at least one sigma-delta modulator and a digital-to-analog converter. The sigma-delta converter produces an analog output signal by summing the analog output signals of the principal and parallel paths. A differential signal from which at least the noise outside a useful band has been filtered is obtained from the digital output signal of the sigma-delta modulator of the principal path and the input signal that has been spectrally formed by a filter, according to the transmission function of the sigma-delta modulator in the principal path. This differential signal is supplied as the input signal to the sigma-delta modulator in the parallel path(s).

A method for automatically producing a defined face opening in a longwall mining operation, in underground coal mining, having a face conveyor, at least one extraction machine and hydraulic shield support frames. Inclination sensors are disposed on at least three of the four main components of each shield support frame, such as floor skid, gob shield, support connection rods and gob-side area of the top canopy. From ascertained inclination data, by comparison with base data defining a geometrical orientation of the components and a movement thereof during stepping, a respective shield height of the shield support frames perpendicular to a bed thereof is calculated. From further sensors on the extraction machine, a cutting height thereof is acquired as a face opening. In terms of a location-synchronous analysis, for possible adjustment purposes the cutting height is compared with the shield height when the shield support frame, which trails the extraction machine with a time delay, has reached the position to which relates that cutting height which was used in the comparison.

An apparatus for optically reproducing and recording information includes a light source, an objective lens, a light detecting element, and a processor. The objective lens focuses light beams emitted from the light source on an optical recording medium having tracks disposed at a track pitch. The wavelength of the light beams is greater than the track pitch of the medium. The light detecting element receives light beams reflected from the medium. The light detecting element includes a first region that receives substantially only light beams generated by interference between zeroth-order diffracted beams and first-order diffracted beams among the light beams reflected from the tracks of the medium and a second region that receives substantially only the zeroth-order diffracted beams. The processor generates focusing error signals using astigmatic focusing error detection on the basis of an output from the second region of the light detecting element.

In an A / D conversion device, one level shift circuit shifts an input voltage to the low potential side by Vt1, and another level shift circuit shifts the input voltage to the high potential side by Vt2. A multiplexer selects either of the shifted voltages to an A / D converter. In a correction mode, a correction data holding circuit holds values of reference voltages that are also A / D converted after being passed through the one level shift circuit and values of reference voltages that are A / D converted by being passed through the other level shift circuit, as correction values. A correction control circuit corrects the A / D converted value using the correction values.

An angle sensor includes first and second detection units and an angle detection unit. Each of the first and second detection units generates two detection signals. The first and second detection units are arranged in a positional relationship that establishes predetermined phase relationships among the detection signals they generate. The angle detection unit includes first and second computing circuits and an angle computing unit. The first and second computing circuits generate first and second signals in each of which an error component corresponding to a fifth harmonic contained in the detection signals is reduced. The angle computing unit calculates a detected angle value on the basis of the first and second signals. The angle computing unit performs correction processing for reducing an error occurring in the detected angle value due to an error component corresponding to a third harmonic contained in the detection signals.

To provide a temperature detection circuit and a semiconductor device capable of accurately detecting temperatures. A temperature detection circuit 10 includes a group of diodes 11 connected in series, a constant current source I1 connected to the group of diodes 11, a BGR circuit 13, an amplifier 14 for amplifying the BGR voltage, an adder 12 for subtracting a comparison voltage VD generated by the group of diodes 11 from a reference voltage serving as an output of the amplifier 14, a voltage current converter 15 for converting the output voltage of the adder 12 into the current, and a resistor R2 for converting its output current into the voltage. The reference voltage VA2 is a BGR voltage VBGR amplified by the same voltage as the comparison voltage VD at a predetermined temperature T1.