The invention provides a method, device and system for high-speed mobile communication, wherein the method comprises the steps of: normally transmitting uplink data PUSCH/PUCCH/SRS on UE, and recording the current time T0, wherein the PUSCH represents an uplink control channel; the PUCCH represents an uplink shared channel; and the SRS represents a sounding reference signal; according to the uplink data, obtaining TA0 by calculation by a base station, and notifying the UE; obtaining the final TA value TA2 by calculation; and, obtaining the final time synchronization adjustment amount at the T2time according to the TA2, and, on this basis, transmitting the uplink data. According to the method, device and system for high-speed mobile communication provided by the invention, on the basis ofan airborne terminal, calculation is carried out corresponding to the movement distance of the base station; inaccurate TA sent by the base station is corrected; therefore, the problem that TA estimation is inaccurate due to high-speed movement of an LTE system in an ATG network can be solved; and thus, the performance of an LTE ATG system is improved.