The invention relates to an intelligent reversal control system and method based on a single-chip microcomputer. The system comprises the single-chip microcomputer having the SCI communication function, a power supply circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, a reset circuit, an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, a voice prompt circuit and an LCD display circuit, wherein the single-chip microcomputer having the SCI communication function is connected with the power supply circuit, the crystal oscillation circuit, the reset circuit, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor, the voice prompt circuit and the LCD display circuit. The system is advantaged in that not only can a problem of low control precision of a traditional reversing control system be solved, but also the system has the higher intelligence degree, the closest distance from a vehicle body to an obstacle can be promptly indicated by means of voice and text display, moreover, functions of alarm and corresponding prompt fornext operation of a driver are further achieved.