The invention discloses a nutritional agent for preventing and treating plant seed and bud decay as well as a preparation method and application of the nutritional agent. The nutritional agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-7 parts of polyaspartic acid, 1-5 parts of phenylalanine, 5-12 parts of composite sodium nitrophenolate, 11-19 parts of sodium butyrate, 13-21 parts of glucomannan, 15-25 parts of tea polyphenol and 50-60 parts of water The method comprises the steps: heating water; adding the sodium butyrate and the tea polyphenol, adding the composite sodium nitrophenolate and the glucomannan and then adding the polyaspartic acid and the phenylalanine; and carrying out ultrasonic treatment. The nutritional agent is abundant in nutrient, is capable of promoting plant growth, strengthening the plant immunity, effectively preventing the phenomenon of plant seed and bud decay in a extremely humid environment, promoting yield improvement and shortening the growth period, the plant has multiple ecological regulation functions, such as the stress resistance, the cold resistance, the drought resistance and the disease and pest resistance, and root-knot nematodes, root rot and bacterial wilt can be effectively inhibited. According to the nutritional agent, cucumber can be straight in shape, the sugar content of the cucumber can be improved, and the cucumber is crisp and sweet to eat, and storage-resistant.