The invention discloses a system for detecting water-vapor content in a high-purity gas based on a cavity ring down spectroscopy technology. The system comprises a DFB laser control power source, a DFB laser, an optical collimator, an optical isolator, an acoustic optical modulator, a reflector, a matching lens, an optical resonator, piezoelectric ceramics, a piezoelectric ceramics control power source, a focusing lens, a detector, a trigger, a data acquisition card, and a computer. The laser emitted by the DFB laser successively passes through the optical collimator, the optical isolator, the acoustic optical modulator, the reflector, the matching lens, the optical resonator, the piezoelectric ceramics, and the focusing lens, and arrives to the detector. The piezoelectric ceramics control power source is connected with the piezoelectric ceramics. The detector is connected with the trigger and the data acquisition card. The trigger is connected with the acoustic optical modulator. The collected data of the data acquisition card is transmitted to the computer. Based on the system, the detection precision of the water-vapor content in the high-purity gas is about 100 pptv. In addition, the system does not need to calibrate instruments frequently, and the requirement for the environment humidity is high.