30 results about "Columnar jointing" patented technology

The invention relates to an in-situ test method for the surrounding rock relaxation depth in a columnar jointing rock mass cavity project. The in-situ test method includes the steps of designing and arranging test drilling holes which are formed in the periphery of a cavity excavated in a columnar jointing rock mass and parallel or perpendicular to the axis of a column body of the columnar jointing rock mass, selecting test projects, determining the relaxation depth, and comprehensively conducting the test. The test drilling holes are distributed in key portions of a monitored fracture surface after the cavity is excavated, surrounding rock elastic waves and jointing fissure characteristics of the monitored fracture surface of the excavated cavity are obtained through an in-situ test means which integrates digital drilling with camera shooting and integrates single hole sound waves with across hole sound waves, and the surrounding rock relaxation depth is comprehensively judged according to reduction of the wave velocity of the sound waves in an unloading relaxation area and the corresponding rock mass fracture condition. The technical scheme is simple, the test means is reliable, comprehensive collection and comparison analysis of columnar jointing rock mass unloading relaxation information are ensured, the surrounding rock relaxation depth is accurately confirmed, the in-situ test method can be widely applied to columnar jointing rock mass excavation and supporting projects such as water conservancy and hydropower projects, traffic projects and underground test site projects.

The invention discloses an experimental method for shearing of a structural surface of a columnar jointing. The method comprises adjusting a rock structural surface to be located in a shearing seam of upper and lower shearing boxes; sleeving screw sleeves to five internally-inserted vertical screws, using plastic films to separate and wrap; vertically moving the internally-inserted vertical screws through adjusting rods, so that the structural surface of the columnar jointing rock is located between the shearing seam; selecting proportional epoxy resin mortar to form epoxy resin mortar; and pouring the epoxy resin mortar into the upper and lower shearing boxes for cooling and solidification. The invention further discloses an experimental apparatus comprises the upper and lower shearing boxes, the internally-inserted vertical screws and the adjusting rods, wherein a bottom of the lower shearing box is provided with vertical screw holes, walls of the lower shearing box are provided with horizontal screw holes, and contacted parts of the adjusting rods and the internally-inserted vertical screws form worm structures. According to the invention, fine adjustment of the rock position can be realized, a surface of the epoxy resin mortar can be always maintain as a plain, a molding is relatively good, problems of rock sinking in cement mortar can be solved, and thus the structural surface of the rock can be easily positioned.

The invention relates to a method for judging the anisotropic relative relaxation thickness of surrounding rock of a chamber of a columnar jointing basalt so as to quickly and accurately judge the anisotropic relative relaxation thickness of the surrounding rock. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the steps that 1, a top plate, a bottom plate and two side walls of a certain section of the chamber are respectively provided with a group of testing drill holes; 2, wave velocity testing is conducted through a cross hole method, and a wave velocity value tested within the range 2m away from the bottom of each drill hole serves as an original undisturbed wave velocity Vpo of the columnar jointing basalt, and wave velocities actually measured within the other ranges of the drill holes are subjected to statistics according to different depths; 3, according to the formula Kvb=(Vpm/Vpo)<2>=0.75-0.45, the relaxation disturbance wave velocity Vpm of the top plate, the relaxation disturbance wave velocity Vpm of the bottom plate and the relaxation disturbance wave velocity Vpm of the two side walls are solved respectively, the Vpms are matched with the wave velocities actually measured in the second step in the corresponding directions, and then the anisotropic relative relaxation thickness is obtained. The method is applied to the field of hydraulic anisotropic surrounding rock chamber engineering.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a gouge mark structure-containing columnar jointing sample for a seepage test. The method comprises measuring a geometrical shape, occurrence, a column diameter, columnar jointing width, a jointing filling degree, and cylindrical surface gouge mark structure stripe width and thickness of the condensing surface of a basalt columnar jointing rock in situ, according to a similarity ratio principle, building a 3D reduced scale geometric model through Revit software, introducing the 3D reduced scale geometric model into a 3D printer, respectively filling two nozzles of the 3D printer with basalt powder as a columnar material and secondary yellow mud as a jointing material, and carrying out synchronous printing to obtain a sample of a gouge mark structure-containing columnar jointing network model, wherein after later processing and curing, the model can be used for a columnar jointing rock seepage test. Through use of the jointing surface gouge mark structure, the sample can really reflect the structure and shape of the gouge mark structure-containing columnar jointing network model and can provide a novel research idea for anisotropic seepage of the columnar jointing.

The invention provides a method for measuring the depth of a loose ring of a deeply-buried columnar jointed rock tunnel. The method comprises the steps that firstly, holes are formed in the rear portion of a tunnel face of the tunnel and used for installing Bragg fiber grating sensors; the interface of the loose ring of the deeply-buried columnar jointed rock tunnel is measured according to readings of the Bragg fiber grating sensors, and then the depth of the loose ring is obtained; fracture pressure and reopening pressure of cylindrical surfaces on the two sides of the interface of the loose ring are measured through a cyclic pressure water test method; by analyzing the difference value of the measured fracture pressure and the measured reopening pressure, the depth of the loose ring of the columnar jointed rock tunnel is further determined accurately. The method is combined with a testing method to conduct correction mutually, data measured by the grating sensors are monitored and analyzed by means of the optical principle, and measured data are accurate, intuitive and easy to distinguish; furthermore, the loose interface and depth are determined accurately according to data, measured by the grating sensors, of the loose interface and depth of the columnar jointed rock tunnel through pressure water testing.

The invention discloses a tension experiment device of a columnar jointing structural surface. The tension experiment device comprises a tester base, two screw rods, an adhesion plate and a carrying plate, wherein the two screw rods are arranged on the tester base; two ends of a penetration iron rod are movably connected with the two screw rods respectively; the penetration iron rod penetrates through a cylindrical iron plate; the cylindrical iron plate is connected with an upper-end-surface iron plate; the carrying plate is arranged above the adhesion plate; the adhesion plate is connected with the carrying plate through a connecting rod and is connected with a lower-end-surface iron plate; the upper and lower end surfaces of a columnar jointed rock are adhered to the upper-end-surface iron plate and the lower-end-surface iron plate respectively. The invention also discloses a tension experiment method of the columnar jointing structural surface. The method has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in operation; the tension experiment can be performed on the columnar jointing structural surface effectively and quickly; sample processing is not needed, and breakage or weakening caused by processing of the jointed rock is avoided; the method is suitable for the large-scale rock sample experiment and facilitates the dimensional effect on rock research.

The invention discloses a test method for simulating a tunnel to pass through columnar jointed rock mass. The test method comprises the following steps of: step 1, adding a mixture of water and lime into a polygon prism mold to form rock models; then adding an argillaceous filler among the plurality of rock models to form a columnar jointed rock mass model; 2, applying an external load to the outer side of the columnar jointed rock mass model, and then performing simulated excavation on the columnar jointed rock mass model to form a simulated tunnel; 3, arranging a displacement sensor and a stress sensor on the inner surface of the simulated tunnel, and continuously applying an external load to the excavated columnar jointed rock mass model until the columnar jointed rock mass model is damaged; and 4, processing measurement data of the displacement sensor and the stress sensor, and then exploring the damage mechanism and the mechanical property change of the tunnel surrounding rock of the columnar jointed rock mass. With the test method for exploring the mechanical property and failure mechanism of the tunnel surrounding rock of the columnar jointed rock mass adopted,the possibility of accidents in the tunnel construction process is effectively reduced.

The invention discloses a columnar joint surrounding rock anti-relaxation supporting method for underground cavern excavation. The columnar joint surrounding rock anti-relaxation supporting method caneffectively control the relaxation deformation and damage phenomena of columnar joint rock mass due to excavation unloading, and has important significance for engineering safety and economy. The method comprises the following steps that geological survey is conducted on the columnar joint rock mass in an excavation area, an indoor mechanical test is carried out, and rock mass mechanical parameters are obtained and calibrated; a cavern excavation calculation model is established, surrounding rock excavation unloading numerical simulation is carried out, the relaxation depth and relaxation range are determined, and the aging characteristic and anisotropic characteristic of relaxation deformation are analyzed; cavern excavation is conducted in a layered mode, the excavation face is sealed through shotcrete after excavation of all layers is completed, and prestressed anchor rods are arranged according to the surrounding rock relaxation range for primary tensioning; according to the columnar joint rock mass excavation unloading aging characteristic, the area with the large relaxation depth is reinforced through prestressed anchor cables and subjected to primary tensioning; and grouting holes are drilled, and consolidation grouting is conducted on surrounding rock.

The invention relates to a support structure and a columnar jointing basalt internal deeply-buried cavern excavation support method. The support structure is simple and easy to implement, and the columnar jointing basalt internal deeply-buried cavern excavation support method can shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost. According to the technical scheme, the support structure is characterized by comprising a nanosteel fiber reinforced concrete layer sprayed onto an excavation surface, the surface of the nanosteel fiber reinforced concrete layer is covered by a reinforcing bar mesh which is fixed onto the excavation surface through pre-stressed anchors, and a plain concrete layer is sprayed onto the surface of the reinforcing bar mesh . The support structure and thecolumnar jointing basalt internal deeply-buried cavern excavation support method are applicable to excavation support design of columnar jointing basalt internal deeply-buried cavern sidewalls in industries such as civil construction, hydropower engineering, mining, energy storage and scientific research.

The invention discloses a columnar joint sample pasting device, which comprises a bracket and a sample constraint structure, wherein the bracket comprises two groups of first lower brackets and two groups of second lower brackets which are symmetrically distributed; the first lower brackets are positioned on the inner side of the second lower brackets; an adjusting rod is fixed at the top part ofone group of second lower brackets; the top part of the other group of second lower brackets is connected with an upper bracket; the top parts of the two groups of first lower brackets are connected with upper brackets; a lower constraint plate is arranged between the two groups of upper brackets located at the top parts of the first lower brackets; an upper constraint plate is arranged between the adjusting rod and the upper bracket located at the top parts of the second lower brackets; the upper constraint plate and the lower constraint plate form the sample constraint structure; and a longitudinal strain gauge pasting opening and a transverse strain gauge pasting opening are formed in the upper constraint plate. According to the columnar joint sample pasting device, a columnar joint sample is fixed by adopting the rubber plates with high flexibility, damage to the sample in the pasting process is reduced, meanwhile, the T-shaped pasting openings with fixed positions are formed, theposition can be fixed, and then the reliability and accuracy of data acquisition are guaranteed.

The invention discloses a preparation method of an irregular columnar jointed rock mass sample with nested interlayer staggered belts. The method comprises the following steps: manufacturing an internal mold according to the rock mass structure characteristics of an engineering site, the internal mold comprising a three-dimensional polygonal joint surface grid used for simulating the columnar joint structure characteristics, an interlayer dislocation zone simulation component being nested in the joint surface grid, the joint surface grid being made of a water-soluble material, and the dislocation zone simulation component being made of a soluble material; pouring a joint column similar material into the joint surface grid, dissolving the joint surface grid with water after final setting, then pouring the joint surface similar material into the dissolved part, dissolving the dislocation zone simulation component with a solvent after final setting of the part, and then pouring the dislocation zone similar material into the dissolved cavity; and finally curing to obtain the sample. According to the method, the columnar jointed rock mass sample containing the interlayer dislocation zone can be simply and conveniently prepared, and a test basis is provided for research on the mechanical seepage permeability of the rock mass.

The invention discloses a chemical method for changing the weak ecological environment of a loess area and increasing the arable land. The method includes the steps of firstly, bulldozing and leveling loess hills, table lands, ridges and other places needing to be improved; secondly, measuring the before-improvement compactness, permeability coefficient and water content of loess; thirdly, conducting sprinkling-irrigation of a grouting material on the places needing to be improved, wherein the grouting material infiltrates downwards along perpendicular columnar jointing of loess, and when reaching a preset underground position, the grouting material rapidly expands and cures so as to block the perpendicular columnar jointing so that the effect of a water-resisting layer can be achieved; fourthly, the water content of improved soil is increased, so the water molecules of the soil can infiltrate and break the microstructure and perpendicular columnar jointing of loess, and the permeability or permeability coefficient of the improved soil is tested; fifthly, the water content of the improved soil is detected, and plantable plants are determined. The method has the advantages that the microstructure of soil is changed, water can infiltrate the structure of the soil, and the weak ecological environment of the loess area is effectively improved.

The invention relates to fittings for preparing a cuboid columnar jointing rock test sample. The fittings comprise a first driving plate, a first driven plate, a second driving plate and a second driven plate, wherein two sides of the four components are sequentially connected to form a hollow cuboid structure for holding a columnar jointing rock mold; an inner cavity is formed inside the cuboid structure; the first driving plate and the second driving plate of the hollow cuboid structure can be moved freely. By adopting the fittings, the columnar jointing rack can be prepared, combined, polished and the like, jointing is prevented from damage when a large-size test sample is cut, and meanwhile due to a fastening function of the fittings upon the test sample, the problem that the jointingis cracked in the polishing process is overcome.

The invention discloses a columnar jointed rock mass slope anchor cable supporting method. Drilled holes are arranged in rows, and the holes in the corresponding positions in every two adjacent rows are staggered by a certain distance in height. Two drilled holes are formed in the same hole position and are in the leftward direction and the rightward direction respectively. Each left drilled hole and the corresponding right drilled hole are formed in the same plane, and the plane is perpendicular to the columnar jointing axial direction. Therefore, a three-dimensional anchor cable network perpendicular to the columnar jointing axial direction is formed. The defects that in the traditional technology, anchor cable stress is unreasonable, and the supporting effect is poor are overcome. The three-dimensional anchor cable network is formed, anchor cable stress is reasonable, and the supporting effect is good.

The invention discloses a sample preparation mold and a sample preparation method for a complex rock mass structure containing multiple interlayer staggered belts and columnar joints. The sample preparation mold comprises a restraint plate, a connecting mechanism, a sample preparation base and an inclination angle control mechanism (5); scale marks are arranged on the surface of a restraint plate of the sample preparation mechanism, and simulation positions of a bed rock mass, an interlayer staggered belt and a columnar jointed rock mass can be calibrated through scale setting; the columnar joint structure is realized through a 3D printing technology; the sample preparation mold provided by the invention is simple in structure, can be used for accurately and quickly preparing a simulation sample containing a multi-layer interlayer staggered belt and columnar joint complex rock mass structure, and is beneficial to experimental research on permeation, strength and deformation behaviors of the interlayer staggered belt and columnar joint complex rock mass, so that an accurate and reliable test result is obtained.