The invention relates to a shear box applicable to rock joint shearing, seepage and coupling tests and a test method. By the aid of the test box, water can be sealed strictly during shearing, and stable seepage water streams can be formed among joints. The shearing box is mainly composed of a bottom plate, a side plate, a lateral water sealing bag and a water inlet and outlet device. The shear box is characterized by the design of the lateral sealing bag and the method of water injection at the front end and water accumulation at the rear end. By the aid of the rock joint shearing, seepage and coupling test box, the shearing displacement within 20mm can be achieved, the seepage characteristic variation caused by dilation and contraction during rock joint shearing can be studied fully, a water head of 0.05-3.0MPa can be provided to provide conditions for studying the influence of water pressure on joint seepage fully, a minitype servo water pump is used for injecting water, stable water streams can be formed at one ends of joints, the seepage situation conforms to natural conditions, and shearing and seepage tests of joint samples under the effect of complex loads can be finished through the shearing box.