168 results about "Head blight" patented technology

Microbiological agents are provided for control of certain diseases of wheat and other cereals caused by Fusarium species, including Fusarium head blight of wheat and other cereals. These agents can also improve yield of wheat plants and cereals. The agents are novel isolates of Pantoea agglomerans and of Bacillus megaterium that exhibit the property of inhibiting fungal pathogens, particularly those produced by Fusarium species. Biocontrol compositions, and methods of using them to control plant pathogen development on wheat and cereal plants and for increasing plant yield, are also provided. The biocontrol compositions comprise a mixture of at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Pantoea agglomerans and Bacillus megaterium.

Three choline utilizing strains of microorganisms isolated from the anthers of wheat, Aureobasidium pullulans strain AS 55.2, Arthrobacter species strain OH 221.3, and Pseudomonas species strain AS 64.4, are superior antagonists of F. graminearum. These microorganisms are effective for suppression and control of FHB in cereals, particularly in wheat and barley.

The invention discloses Bacillus velezensis JS25R and an application thereof to biological control of plant diseases caused by fusarium. The strain JS25R is separated from diseased wheat ears, the preservation number is CGMCC (China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center) NO.14240, and the strain not only can efficiently inhibit fusarium graminearum when cultivated on a plate, but also has the control effect as high as 77.4% in a greenhouse experiment. As a biological control material for fusarium head blight of wheat and maize, the strain has good application prospect for development of novel biopesticides or biological control microbial agents.

A molecular marker associated with the major QTL of wheat resistance to head blight is disclosed. The SSR labelling technique is used to analyze the 894037 / Alondra F4 recombinant selfing population. The existance of major QTL on the chromosome 3B of Ning 894037 is detected, and this can be used to explain 42.8% of head blight resistance. The obtained molecular markers Xgwm 533-130, BARC 133-115 and BARC 075-110 for the major QTL of Ning 894037 can be used to culture the disease-resistant wheat variety with high efficiency.

The invention discloses a fungicide combination containing polyoxin, which is a fungicide combination containing active component A and active component B, the polyoxin is selected as the active component A, the active component B is selected from any of the following fungicides: ethirimol, 2-cyan-3-amino-3-ethyl aminoacrylate, bromothalonil, zineb, chlorothalonil and dithianon, and moreover, the ratio of the active component A to the active component B in part by weight is 32:1 to 1:64. The fungicide combination can prevent and control a variety of crop diseases, has a remarkable synergistic effect, broadens the antifungal spectrum, and has high activity on downy mildew, epidemic diseases, anthracnose, powdery mildew, leaf spot, fusarium head blight, rice blast and other diseases; and moreover, the dosage of pesticide is reduced, the residue of pesticide on crops is decreased, and thereby the environmental pollution is reduced.

Using crossbred segregating populations of two-rowed and six-rowed barley cultivars, the row type of individual plants was precisely determined. The results indicate that row type is controlled by a single gene. In addition, it was discovered that molecular markers linked with this gene could be used to identify whether a test barley or related Triticeae plant is two-rowed or six-rowed. Furthermore, molecular markers can be used to identify Fusarium head blight resistance, which is linked with the two-rowed or six-rowed gene.

Microbiological agents are provided for control of certain diseases of wheat and other cereals caused by Fusarium species, including Fusarium head blight of wheat and other cereals. These agents can also improve yield of wheat plants and cereals. The agents are novel isolates of Pantoea agglomerans and of Bacillus megaterium that exhibit the property of inhibiting fungal pathogens, particularly those produced by Fusarium species.Biocontrol compositions, and methods of using them to control plant pathogen development on wheat and cereal plants and for increasing plant yield, are also provided. The biocontrol compositions comprise a mixture of at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Pantoea agglomerans and Bacillus megaterium.

The invention discloses a pesticide composition containing picoxystrobin and amides. The pesticide composition comprises an active component A and an active component B, wherein the active component A is selected from picoxystrobin; the active component B is selected from any one of the following bactericides: dimethomorph, metalaxyl, Metalaxyl-M, BENALAXYL, Benalaxyl-M, Flutolanil and Pyrimorph; and the weight percentage of A to B is 1%-80%:1%-80%. The composition can prevent and treat a plurality of crop diseases, has a notable synergetic action, enlarges the insecticidal spectrum, and is of high activity on downy mildew, epidemic disease, late blight, Leptosphaeria maculans, Pernophythora litchi, phytophthora, white rust, foot rot, Phytophthora parasitica, Pythium debaryanum, soft rot, damping off, banded sclerotial blight, snow mold, Leaf blight, Septoria nodorum, brown blotch or powdery mildew. The consumption of the pesticide is reduced, the residual quantity of the pesticide on crops is decreased and environmental pollution is abated.

The invention discloses a near-infrared spectrum technology based method for rapidly identifying wheat grains with FHB (Fusarium Head Blight). The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: collecting wheat samples with the FHB and acquiring multi-grain and single-grain spectral data of the wheat samples by using a near-infrared spectrometer; carrying out clustering analysis after spectral data preprocessing, and preliminarily observing the classification situation of the wheat samples; and confirming the grains with the FHB and identifying the sensitive waveband on the basis of the spectral data preprocessing, building identifying models of the multi-grain and single-grain wheat grains with the FHB through taking the sensitive waveband as variable input and finally realizing the rapid identification of the grains with the FHB. According to the invention, with a view to the fundamental research and discussion of the technology of separating the wheat grains with the FHB in China, a near-infrared spectrum technology is firstly used in the separation of the wheat grains with the FHB and a method for separating the wheat grains with the FHB, which is simple, convenient, easy and high in separation rate, is found; and the method disclosed by invention is capable of reducing the wheat grain impurity content, improving the flour quality and guaranteeing the human and animal safety and is a wheat separating and identifying technology which has board application prospect.

This disclosure relates to methods of identifying and / or selecting wheat plants or germplasm by detecting markers associated with flowering date, anther-extrusion, heading date and / or fusarium head blight resistance.

Disclosed is the agricultural pesticide containing camptothecine or camptothecine derivatives and the use thereof, wherein the pesticide comprises camptothecine or its derivatives 0.02-2.0%, emulsifying agent 1.0-20%,penetrating agent 0.5-10%, and balancing organic solvent. The pesticide can be used for controlling agronomic crop downy mildew, leaf streak, pythium blight, head blight, root and stem rot, rhizoctonia rot, damping-off, wilt,bitter rot, powdery mildew, black shank, brown spot, leaf scab, ring rot, black pox, gray mold,phytophthora rot, ulcer disease, black spot, bacterial wilt, angular leaf spot, leaf streak and leaf scar.

The invention discloses a biocontrol bacterium and azoxystrobin composition belonging to the technical field of bactericides. The biocontrol bacterium and azoxystrobin composition contains active components including bacillus subtilis and azoxystrobin. The biocontrol bacterium and azoxystrobin composition disclosed by the invention can be used for remarkably reducing the medication cost while effectively preventing and controlling various diseases such as rice sheath blight disease, rice false smut, rice blast, ear rot, seedling-stage damping-off, tomato late blight, gray mold, wheat powdery mildew, sheath blight, cotton rhizoctoniosis, foxysporum, verticillium dahliae, soybean root rot, corn sheath blight, cucumber gray mold, blight, tobacco brown spot, bacterial wilt, various field crop and garden crop root rots and damping off, so that the medication cost can be reduced, the preventing and controlling ranges can be widened, the environment pollution can be reduced, and the phytotoxicity and pesticide resistance risks can be reduced.

The invention discloses a product for crop protection, which is characterized by taking Tebuconazol as a first active component and chitosan as a second active component, wherein the ratio of the first active component to the second active component is 1:100-100:1 by weight percentage. The invention can improve disease resistance of crops, has good protection function when the crops are in a non-invasive period or an initially-invasive period, and has the advantages of reducing times of medication, improving quality of agricultural products, increasing yield and the like. When being used after invasion, the invention can eradicate etiology, repair impaired parts, protect for a long time, and conforms to the thought of scientific prevention and treatment and requirement of green agriculture production. The invention can be applied widely in prevention and control of various diseases such as powdery mildew, false smut, sheath blight, leaf spot, plague, gray mold disease, root rot disease and fusarium head blight of crops of cereal crops, fruit trees, vegetables, peanuts and the like.

The invention relates to a winter wheat head blight hyperspectral remote sensing monitoring method based on wheat ear scale analysis, and compared to the prior art, overcomes the defect that remote sensing monitoring on the head blight does not aim at wheat ear scale analysis. The winter wheat head blight hyperspectral remote sensing monitoring method comprises the following steps of: acquiring hyperspectral remote sensing data; carrying out data preprocessing; constructing a wheat head blight index; establishing a multiple stepwise regression model; and obtaining a remote sensing monitoring result. According to the invention, after the head blight index is constructed by utilizing a normalization ratio of a first-order differential sum in sensitive wavebands, unary linear regression and multiple stepwise regression models of the head blight index and disease severity are established, so as to implement effective monitoring on the wheat head blight and provide ideas and bases for noninvasive diagnosis on the head blight of infected wheat on the canopy scale and the field scale.

The invention discloses a new method for breeding wheat with fusarium head blight resistance. The method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a wheat variety / line to be improved and a fusarium head blight-resistant source, and carrying out hybridization to obtain F1; (2) using DON toxin of a gradient concentration to treat plant florets of male and female parents at a heading period, and determining fusarium head blight resistance screening pressure; (3) backcrossing the cross-breed F1 and the female parent to obtain BCF1; (4) treating plant florets of the BCF1 by using the fusarium head blight resistance screening pressure to obtain BCF2; (5) treating plant florets of the BCF2 by using the fusarium head blight resistance screening pressure again to obtain BCF3; (6) screening agronomic traits of the BCF3, and carrying out advanced generation selfing screening so as to obtain an improved new wheat line with the fusarium head blight resistance. According to the method, the DON toxin of the proper concentration is preferentially selected to treat the plant florets of the cross-breeds, so that a wheat breeding family with high fusarium head blight resistance can be specifically screened out; the method greatly increases the working efficiency and accuracy of fusarium head blight resistance identification, and has a higher application value in the aspect of breeding.

The invention belongs to a novel formulation of a pesticide bactericide composition, and particularly relates to a difenoconazole and sulfur compounded suspending agent and a preparation method thereof. 5 to 30 percent of difenoconazole and 10 to 30 percent of sulfur, preferably 5 to 20 percent of difenoconazole and 10 to 20 percent of sulfur are compounded. The application amount of a single dosage can be effectively reduced; a sterilization spectrum is expanded; the prevention and control effects on pathogenic bacteria are remarkably improved; the using amount of the difenoconazole in the formula is reduced, so the bactericide resistance of the pathogenic bacteria to triazole bactericides is alleviated; meanwhile, prevention and control cost is reduced, bactericide damage is avoided, and good prevention and control effects on powdery mildew, fusarium head blight, leaf spot, scab and the like of various crops such as fruit trees, vegetables, field crops and the like are achieved; andan environmentally-friendly formulation suspending agent is prepared, so that the difenoconazole and sulfur compounded suspending agent has high environmental compatibility and a good promotion and application prospect, and the safety of various crops is improved.

Four yeasts (NRRL Y-30213, NRRL Y-30214, NRRL Y-30215, and NRRL Y-30216) and 1 bacterium (NRRL B-30212) have been identified as being superior antagonists capable of suppressing Fusarium head blight (head scab) in cereals, particularly in wheat and barley. Fusarium head blight is primarily caused by the fungus Gibberella zeae (anamorph=Fusarium graminearum).

The invention discloses lysinibacilus xylanilyticus LX024 for controlling wheat stem rot and head blight and application thereof. The strain is lysinibacilus xylanilyticus preserved in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center on Sept. 19, 2017 with a preservation number of CGMCC No.14645. A biocontrol inoculant prepared through liquid fermentation culture of LX024 strain has a good effect on controlling wheat stem rot and head blight. The use of the biocontrol inoculant LX024 at seedling and growth stages of wheat has a certain control effect on wheat stem rot and head blight, and the control effect reaches 65.01% and 65.81% respectively.

Resistance of plants, particularly wheat and barley, to Fusarium head blight (FHB) and other Fusarium-related diseases may be induced or enhanced by transformation with a nucleic acid (DNA) construct comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding the wheat ethylene-responsive transcription factor TaERF7-1 operatively linked to a promoter effective for expression in the plant. Plants transformed with the construct exhibit increased resistance to FHB and other Fusarium-related diseases in comparison to a non-transformed control plant. The transgenic plants may be produced from any plant, tissue or cell which is capable of regeneration, by transformation with the construct. Transformed plants, plant tissue or plant cells comprising the construct are selected, and the transgenic plant is generated therefrom.

The invention discloses a mark for detection or auxiliary detection of wheat FHB (Fusarium Head Blight)-resistant genes PFT (Pore-Forming Toxin-Like) and a use method thereof. 204 parts of PFT genes in different varieties are subjected to PCR amplification and sequencing; the condition that 14 nucleotide differences totally exist between PFT-I allelic genes and PFT-II allelic genes in three kinds of allelic genes of the gene is discovered; and a diagnostic mark PFT-CAPS of the PFT genes is developed according to the 1471rd site deoxyribonucleotide polymorphism of the FPT genes. Experiments prove that the molecular marker PFT-CAPS can be used for the identification of the wheat FHB-resistant genes PFT and the auxiliary breeding of the wheat FHB-resistant molecular markers.

The invention provides a compound bactericide of prochloraz and hexaconazole. The compound preparation has no cross resistance with current major medicaments, i.e., carbendazim and triadimefon for preventing and treating the fusarium head blight of wheat, and can be used for effectively treating the pesticide resistance of the fusarium head blight of the wheat to the carbendazim and the triadimefon. The invention provides an optimal synergistic proportion range between the two medicaments and a processing process of the compound preparation. The compound preparation has the advantages of wide bactericidal spectrum, high systemic property, good quick response and long lasting period. A field test result proves that the compound preparation has an extremely obvious prevention and treatment effect on the fusarium head blight of the wheat and low cost compared with a single dose.

The invention relates to a cultivating method of a wheat-agropyron elongatum FHB (Fusarium head blight)-resistant 7E chromosome long arm translocation line. The cultivating method comprises the following steps: processing F2-generation seeds obtained by hybridizing a wheat-agropyron elongatum 7E substitution line and Yangmai 16 by <60>Co radiation, and in a propagation process of radiated offspring, firstly, performing field FHB resistance screening to select individual plants which are high in FHB resistance and have related features of agropyron elongatum; and based on this, detecting the obtained individual plants by using an agropyron elongatum 7E chromosome long arm specific marker, and finally, confirming the wheat-agropyron elongatum FHB-resistant translocation line by virtue of cytology. By combining field phenotype screening, molecular marker identification and cytology confirmation, the wheat-agropyron elongatum FHB-resistant 7E chromosome long arm translocation line is created; the obtained FHB-resistant translocation line provides a new germplasm or base material for wheat variety improvement and genetic research, and can be used as a parent to participate in cultivation of the FHB-resistant wheat.

The invention relates to an agent for the prevention and control of rice sheath blight in the form of powders, and mainly comprises chlorine dioxide, abitylguanide, cytokinin and microbiological products. The agent can also be used for controlling rice blast, bacterial leaf blight and sheath blight.

Compositions and methods are disclosed for modulating disease resistance in plants.

The invention discloses a pesticide composition containing fluconazole hydroxylamine and prochloraz and application thereof. The pesticide composition comprises effective components; the effective components are fluconazole hydroxylamine and prochloraz; the mass ratio of fluconazole hydroxylamine to prochloraz is 20:1 to 1:20. The invention further discloses the application of the pesticide composition containing fluconazole hydroxylamine and prochloraz to the treatment of fusarium head blight. The pesticide composition disclosed by the invention has the benefits that the respective potential drug resistance risk of gibberella zeae to fluconazole hydroxylamine and prochloraz is reduced; after fluconazole hydroxylamine and prochloraz are combined, an obvious synergistic effect exists between fluconazole hydroxylamine and prochloraz; the effect on prevention and treatment of the fusarium head blight is significant.

Using crossbred segregating populations of two-rowed and six-rowed barley cultivars, the row type of individual plants was precisely determined. The results indicate that row type is controlled by a single gene. In addition, it was discovered that molecular markers linked with this gene could be used to identify whether a test barley or related Triticeae plant is two-rowed or six-rowed. Furthermore, molecular markers can be used to identify Fusarium head blight resistance, which is linked with the two-rowed or six-rowed gene.

The invention belongs to the field of plant fungous disease pathogen culture, and more specifically discloses a making method and a using method of Fusarium head blight grain fungus strains. The making method is used for solving problems in the conventional fungus inoculation identification method that the method is complex, long time storage of fungus liquid is difficult to realize, and fungus inoculation success rate is low. The making method comprises following steps: grains with husk are immersed in 5% mung bean water to maintain 60% water holding capacity, and are packaged with bags; compacting is carried out, and the bags are sealed to prepare fungus tubes; the fungus tubes are subjected to high temperature high pressure sterilization, and are cooled to room temperature in the air; the two ends of each fungus tube are inoculated with fungus, and culture is carried out at a dark constant-temperature ventilative high humidity environment, and then obtained fungus strains are transferred into ventilative paper bags, are dispersed, are subjected to airing at cold and ventilative places, and are sealed in ziplock bags for low temperature storage in dark. The using method comprisesfollowing steps: activity is detected; after heading before flowering, basal spikelet side floret glumelle is inoculated with the fungus strains, packaging moisture retention is carried out until lemma becomes brown and a packaging layer is removed, and then mist moisture retention is carried out for 28d at high humidity. The advantages are that: 1, the obtained Fusarium head blight grain fungusstrains can be stored for a long term; 2, Fusarium head blight grain fungus strains prepared via one time of preparation can be used in a plurality of times, using amount is low, and transportation isconvenient; and 3, fungus inoculation method is simple, and is high in efficiency, incidence of disease is high, and disease resistance identification results are accurate.

The invention discloses a molecular marker for identifying fusarium head blight resistance of wheat, and application of the molecular marker. The molecular marker is a DNA band, with the size being 600 bp, obtained by taking DNA of the wheat variety of Sumai No. 3 as a template and through PCR amplification and then electrophoresis of primer pairs with the nucleotide sequence shown as SEQ ID NO.1and SEQ ID NO.2taking the nucleotide sequence shown as SEQ ID NO.1 and SEQ ID NO.2 as primers for PCR amplification and then electrophoresis. The molecular marker can be applied to material screeningof a fusarium head blight resistance material of the wheat and molecular marker-assisted selective breeding, and if the to-be-detected wheat contains the molecular marker, it is determined that the fusarium head blight resistance of the wheat variety at least reaches the moderate resistance level; otherwise, the susceptible fusarium head blight susceptible wheat variety is determined; and the breeding time can be shortened by utilizing the molecular marker to detect, and the molecular marker is suitable for application and promotion.

The invention discloses a fusarium head blight virus toxin degrading gene and expression thereof. The fusarium head blight virus toxin degrading gene has a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID No.1 and an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID No.2. The invention also discloses the expression of the gene, designs two pairs of primers, constructs a recombinant plasmid Pmd19-T / Tri101 and a recombinant prokaryotic expression vector pGEX-4T2 / Tri101. The pGEX-4T2 / Tri101 carries a glutathione S-transferase (GST) tag and can be expressed to produce a GST-Tri101 fusion protein. In the invention, a Tri101 gene for coding a trichothecene 3-O-acetyl transferase is expressed in Escherichia coli with high efficiency, the nucleotide sequence and amino acid sequence of the gene are analyzed in details, and a theoretical basis is laid for further study on the biological functions of the gene and the protein thereof and plant genetic engineering.