35 results about "Radial diffusion" patented technology

The invention provides a class of samples that model the human body. This family of samples is based upon emulsions of oil in water with lecithin acting as the emulsifier. These solutions that have varying particle sizes may be spiked with basis set components (albumin, urea and glucose) to simulate skin tissues further. The family of samples is such that other organic compounds such as collagen, elastin, globulin and bilirubin may be added, as can salts such as Na+, K+ and Cl-. Layers of varying thickness with known index of refraction and particle size distributions may be generated using simple crosslinking reagents, such as collagen (gelatin). The resulting samples are flexible in each analyte's concentration and match the skin layers of the body in terms of the samples reduced scattering and absorption coefficients, mu's and mua. This family of samples is provided for use in the medical field where lasers and spectroscopy based analyzers are used in treatment of the body. In particular, knowledge may be gained on net analyte signal, photon depth of penetration, photon radial diffusion, photon interaction between tissue layers, photon density (all as a function of frequency) and on instrument parameter specifications such as resolution and required dynamic range (A / D bits required). In particular, applications to delineate said parameters have been developed for the application of noninvasive glucose determination in the near-IR region from 700 to 2500 nm with an emphasis on the region 1000 to 2500 nm (10,000 to 4,000 cm-1).

The invention relates to a protein crystallization method based on constant current diffusion, an open constant current diffusion protein crystallization array chip and a manufacturing method and application thereof. The open constant current diffusion protein crystallization array chip includes a substrate and a substrate fixed on the substrate; several hole-shaped protein crystallization units communicating with the external environment are distributed on the substrate to form an array of crystallization units; Several microfluidic main channels are distributed; each crystallization single-pass radial microfluidic diffusion channel communicates with the corresponding microfluidic main channel. The protein solution was injected into the microfluidic main channel in a constant flow, while the precipitant solution in the open crystallization unit was static. The advantages of the present invention are: 1. A high protein concentration gradient is maintained between the microfluidic main channel and the crystallization unit, so that protein molecules are continuously diffused into the crystallization unit, so that the protein crystallization speed is fast and the crystal cluster density is high; 2. The protein crystals formed in the crystallization unit are not subject to shear force, and can be extracted and analyzed conveniently; 3. The protein consumption is small, the operation is flexible, and it is suitable for high-pass screening of crystallization conditions; 4. The chip is simple to manufacture and the structure Compact, low cost, and mass-producible.