The invention relates to a helicopter
tail transmission shaft bearing pedestal coaxiality detection device and method. The device comprises a main
reducer output end target, a bearing pedestal target, a
telescope, a
telescope mounting rack, a first bearing dummy member, an observation plate, a main
reducer output end support, an adjusting screw, a second bearing dummy member, a mounting cylinder and a
knuckle bearing. The observation plate is a transparent plate, and a center mark is arranged on the transparent plate; the first bearing dummy is installed on another transmission shaft bearing seat, the axis of the
telescope is used for replacing the axis of the main speed
reducer for detection, the observation plate center mark of the first bearing dummy is observed through the telescope, and whether the
eyepiece center point of the telescope and the observation plate center mark of the first bearing dummy coincide or deviate within a preset range is observed; if the
coincidence or the deviation range is within, the detection is qualified, otherwise, the detection is not qualified. The device is easy to operate, convenient to use, high in application efficiency and low in manufacturing difficulty, and the problem of coaxiality detection of the helicopter
tail transmission shaft bearing seat is simply solved.