98results about "Gas dispersion analysis" patented technology

A method is provided for detecting one or more analytes in a sample. The method relies, in part, on the ability of functionalized particles added to the sample to partially or completely inhibit the transmission of electromagnetic radiation into and out of the sample through a detection surface in a reaction vessel containing the sample. In a microarray format, the invention can be used to screen millions, billions or more biological elements, such as an organism, cell, protein, nucleic acid, lipid, saccharide, metabolite, or small molecules. Methods, apparatuses and kits are described.

A system and method for detecting bubbles in a lithographic immersion medium and for controlling a lithographic process based at least in part on the detection of bubbles is provided. A bubble monitoring component emits an incident beam that passes through the immersion medium and is incident upon a substrate to produce a reflected and/or diffracted beam(s). The reflected and/or diffracted beam(s) is received by one or more optical detectors. The presence or absence of bubbles can be derived from information extracted by scatterometry from the reflected and/or diffracted beams. A process control component interacts with a positioning component and an optical exposure component to alter a lithographic process based at least in part on the results of the scatterometry.

A system for characterizing at least one particle from a fluid sample is disclosed. The system includes a filter disposed upstream of an outlet, and a luminaire configured to illuminate the at least one particle at an oblique angle. An imaging device is configured to capture and process images of the illuminated at least one particle as it rests on the filter for characterizing the at least one particle. A system for characterizing at least one particle using bright field illumination is also disclosed. A method for characterizing particulates in a fluid sample using at least one of oblique angle and bright field illumination is also disclosed.

The invention discloses a combined measurement method for organic matter-rich compact rock core gas permeability and diffusion coefficient. The method utilizes a gas pressure attenuation device to accomplish. The device is composed of a rock core holder, a gas storage chamber, a vacuum pump, a confining pressure pump, and a computer. The rock core holder is connected to the vacuum pump and the confining pressure pump respectively, the inlet end of the rock core is connected to the gas storage chamber and a gas source, the outlet end of the rock core is in a closed state, and the device is located in a water-bath heating system. By monitoring the process of the gas in the gas storage chamber flowing to the rock core till balance, a gas pressure attenuation curve can be obtained, then according to a real gas state equation, material balance and the occurrence and flow mechanism of gas in rock, the attenuation curve is divided into a seepage stage and a diffusion stage, thus acquiring the gas permeability and diffusion coefficient. The method provided by the invention simplifies the testing procedure, improves the experimental analysis efficiency, and can provide data support for experimental evaluation of gas mass-transfer ability in shale, coal rock and other unconventional reservoir rocks, gas well productivity prediction and the like.

The invention discloses an atmosphere fine particle spatial and temporal distribution Raman mie scattering laser radar surveying device. The device works at the wavelengths of 532nm, 355nm and 387nm and is provided with four detection channels. A light source is an Nd: YAG solid laser. According to the transmitting optical design, a single multi-wavelength coupling transmitting telescope is used. According to the receiving optical system design, a receiving telescope which is high in efficiency and small in caliber is used. According to the subsequent optical design, a multi-channel subsequent optical system is used. Expansion is facilitated, and a high protection grade and the high electromagnetic-interference-resisting capability are achieved. Detection light for detecting the wavelength of 532nm and detection light for detecting the wavelength of 355nm share the same transmitting telescope. A transmitting optical system and a receiving optical system are coaxially designed, and the systems are provided with small detection dead zones and designed with 387nm wavelength nitrogen Raman detection channels. Detection of the laser radar ratio close to a ground layer can be achieved, the detection precision of the systems is ensured, and synchronous remote sensing detection on multiple parameters of atmosphere fine particles is achieved. The device can be launched into the atmosphere at any angle so as to achieve all-weather on-line detection on the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the atmosphere fine particles. The device has the advantages of being high in detection precision, little in inversion error, high in spatial and temporal resolution and the like.

The present invention provides an experimental apparatus for studying the gas invasion and migration mechanism in oil and gas wellbores, comprising: a wellbore; a wellbore pressure control unit, configured to control the pressure in the wellbore; a drilling fluid injection and discharge unit, configured to control the volume of a drilling fluid in the wellbore; a temperature control unit, configured to control the temperature in the wellbore; a rock core clamper, configured to clamp a rock core in a way that one side of the rock core is exposed to the drilling fluid in the wellbore; a gas invasion unit, configured to inject a gas into the rock core; and a measuring device, configured to measure the data related to one or more of the following items in the wellbore: gas bubble migration velocity, diffusion concentration and particle size distribution, gas bubble merging process, hydrate phase transition process, and migration velocity, diffusion concentration and particle size distribution of hydrate after phase transition.

Methods and related systems are described for analyzing phase properties in a microfluidic device. A fluid is introduced under pressure into microchannel, and phase states of the fluid are optically detected at a number of locations along the microchannel. Gas and liquid phases of the fluid are distinguished based on a plurality of digital images of the fluid in the microchannel. Bi-level images can be generated based on the digital images, and the fraction of liquid or gas in the fluid can be estimated versus pressure based on the bi-level images. Properties such as bubble point values and/or a phase volume distribution ratio versus pressure for the fluid are can be estimated based on the detected phase states of the fluid.

The present description relates to a hybrid environment sensor configured to measure a concentration of a particulate matter and gas element and concentration. More particularly, a hybrid environment sensor that can reduce the size of the entire environment sensor and substantially reduce the total power consumption through arranging a gas sensor configured to measure gas element and concentration included in the air in a housing unit that measures concentration of the particulate matter.

Disclosed herein are a particle sorting device capable of simply detecting bubbles, foreign substances, or the like in droplets, a method for analyzing particles, a program, and a particle sorting system. The particle sorting device includes a judgment unit, and the judgment unit judges whether or not captured image information including captured droplet image information about a brightness of an image of particle-containing droplets captured after discharge from an orifice has changed with respect to previously-set reference image information including reference droplet image information about a brightness of an image of droplets captured after discharge from the orifice.

An irradiation optical system 12 irradiates a fluid flowing in a flow passage 2a with one light among a plurality of lights obtained by branching light from a light source 1 and forms the detection area. A detection optical system 13 makes scattered light with a different direction from an optical axis of the irradiation optical system enter a beam splitter 17 among the scattered lights from particles contained in the fluid in this detection area. Meanwhile, a beam expander 16 makes another light among the plurality of lights enter the beam splitter 17 as reference light. A detector 4 receives an interference light, by the scattered light and the reference light, obtained by the beam splitter 17 by light receiving elements and generates a detection signal corresponding to the interference light. A counting unit 6 counts the particles based on this detection signal.

A sensor for sensing inclusions in a containerized medical fluid. In certain embodiments, the sensor may include an image capture device and an image processor communicatively interconnected to the image capture device. The image processor may include an inclusion identifier configured to detect data in an image indicative of inclusions in the medical fluid.

System (18, 28) for inspecting oil, which comprises a cell (280) through which oil (281) flows through a pipe. Inside said cell (280) the system comprises a lighting system (284) based on at least one LED diode and configured to supply a beam of white light to the flow of oil (281); a diffuser (286) situated between the lighting system (284) and the flow of oil (281), configured to provide homogeneous lighting to the lit area; an image capture system (282, 382) situated on the opposite side of the pipe through which the oil (281) flows in respect of the lighting system (284) and configured to capture a sequence of images of the oil which flows inside said pipe; a lens (283) situated between the image capture system (282) and the flow of oil (281), configured to focus the captured images; a calibration device (287) situated between the lens (283) and the flow of oil (281); a processor (2851) configured to process said sequence of images and to determine the presence of particles and bubbles and a degradation value of the oil.

A particle detecting device is provided. The particle detecting device includes a base, a detecting element, a micro pump and a drive control board. The base includes a detecting channel, a beam channel and a light trapping region. The detecting element includes a microprocessor, a particle sensor and a laser transmitter. The particle sensor is disposed at an orthogonal position where the detecting channel intersects the beam channel. When the micro pump, the particle sensor and the laser transmitter are enabled under the control of the microprocessor, the gas outside the detecting channel is inhaled into the detecting channel. When the gas flows to the orthogonal position where the detecting channel intersects the beam channel, the gas is irradiated by the projecting light source from the laser transmitter, and projecting light spots generated are projected on the particle sensor for detecting the size and the concentration of suspended particles.

A method for flushing gas pockets from a manifold that forms a part of a liquid sampling system that is compatible with a chemical-mechanical polishing system is described. A flushing liquid, e.g., ultra pure water, is introduced into, and expelled from, the manifold to expel gas pockets from the manifold. The method comprises the steps of opening a manifold vent, filling the manifold with the flushing liquid, and closing the vent to increase the velocity of the flushing liquid flowing through the manifold. The introduction of the flushing liquid is discontinued, and thereafter, resumed. The discontinuation and resumption steps are preferably repeated The manifold is thus flushed of gas pockets.

The invention designs a method for measuring the oxygen effective diffusion coefficient in a fuel cell catalyst layer. The method includes the steps of S1, assembling double membrane electrodes into a fuel cell; S2, detecting the limited current of the fuel cell; S3, substituting the limited current into a Fick law shown in the formula I to obtain the diffusion coefficient of an electrode layer, wherein CO2 is experiment control amount of oxygen concentration, CPt and suf are oxygen concentrations of a Pt surface, delta is the thickness of a simulation catalyst layer, and all can be obtained through experiment measurement. The method has the advantages that DCL does not contain Pt and is free of electrochemical reaction, so the mass transfer characteristic can be presented through the Fick law; the manufacturing method, material composition and CL of the DCL are completely consistent, and the mass transfer characteristic of CL can be effectively copied; by measuring the limited current, the relation between the oxygen flux and the concentration is obtained, and the effective mass transfer coefficient is calculated through the Fick law.

An apparatus includes a pipe through which a multiphase fluid flows, with a transparent window structure formed in the pipe. A collimated light source emits light through the transparent window structure into the pipe having a wavelength at which a component of a desired phase of the multiphase fluid is absorptive. A photodetector is positioned such that the emitted light passes through the multiphase fluid in the pipe to impinge upon the photodetector. The photodetector has an actual dynamic range for collimated light detection. Processing circuitry is configured to continuously adjust a power of the collimated light source dependent upon an output level of the photodetector so as to cause measurement of the emitted light over an effective dynamic range greater than the actual dynamic range, and determine a property of the multiphase fluid as a function of the power of the collimated light source.