The invention provides a wavelength selection switch device, a communication device and a wavelength switching method. The wavelength selection switch device comprises an incident unit, an emergent unit, a wavelength dispersion and synthesis unit, a light control unit, a liquid crystal light beam deflection unit, a reflection unit and a deflection driving unit, wherein the incident unit comprises a plurality of incident light rays, the emergent unit comprises a plurality of emergent light rays, the wavelength dispersion and synthesis unit is used for dispersing and multiplexing each incident light ray on the first axial direction according to wavelengths, the light control unit is used for enabling different-wavelength light rays dispersed on the first axial direction not to be dispersed in the second axial direction, a plurality of pixels of the liquid crystal light beam deflection unit are divided into sub-areas corresponding to all the wavelengths, deflection is conducted on light rays with different wavelengths by changing phase-shift characteristics of the pixels of the sub-areas, the reflection unit is arranged parallel to the liquid crystal light beam deflection unit, the deflection driving unit drives the electrodes of the pixels of the sub-areas to generate needed phase-shift characteristics, and then light rays entering the sub-areas are deflected. According to the technical scheme, the number of ports of the wavelength selection switch device is greatly increased.