The invention relates to a heat pump drying system with deep supercooling capable of being used in the drying field of various materials. The system comprises a plurality of independent heat pump units, a subcooler unit, a fan and a central controller, wherein each of the heat pump units comprises a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage device, a drying filter, an expansion valve and an evaporator. The heat pump unit which is relatively high in condensing temperature or relatively small in supercooling degree in the heat pump drying system with deep supercooling is provided with a subcooler, and a liquid refrigerant out of the condenser is cooled by means of dehumidified low-temperature air, so that the supercooling degree is improved greatly and the refrigerating capacity is improvedgreatly. When the plurality of subcoolers are adopted, the subcoolers can be connected in parallel or in series on the air side. In the system, drying air is successively cooled and dehumidified stageby stage by the evaporators and is then reheated by means of the condensers, so that the air is cooled and heated gradiently, and the heat pump drying system has the advantages of being small in heattransfer temperature difference, energy-saving and efficient.