The invention relates to an electric wheelchair rollover protection device containing an acceleration sensor and a method. The rollover protection device comprises the acceleration sensor, an inclination angle monitoring module, a seat, a supporting platform, a horizontal frame, a motor system and a wheel group; by detecting the acceleration sensor, the angles in the left and right rolling direction and the front-and-back trimming direction are obtained through calculation, a parallel robot is designed and used for improving the degree of freedom of a mobile platform, and therefore on the condition that a fixed platform is inclined, the wheelchair can improve the inclination situation of the mobile platform through posture adjustment of the parallel robot. A motor driving control unit is set to start a processing program, on the condition that inclination of the fixed platform reaches a first threshold value or a second threshold value, the electric wheelchair can automatically slow down and move slowly, and the maximum speed and the maximum acceleration are decreased; on the condition that the inclination of the fixed platform reaches a third threshold value or a fourth threshold value, the electric wheelchair starts an emergence program and stops going forwards, the parallel robot is started to work to compensate the inclination degree, rollover caused by too much inclination is prevented, the inclination sense of a user sitting on the seat is reduced, the user experience is improved, and the user security is guaranteed.