The invention discloses a drought-resisting and flood-draining method and device for a dry sloping field based on soil and mother rock integrated cultivation, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The method solves the problems that in the prior art, due to the fact that a soil layer is light and thin, the soil moisture capacity is small, the water retention and drought resistance capacity is poor, and rainwater seasonal distribution is uneven, early-stage drought and later-stage waterlogging restrict agricultural production of the calcareous purple soil drought slope land, and comprises the steps that soil and mother rock integrated cultivation is carried out on thin-layer shale purple soil; wherein a part of uncultivated soil layer is reserved between every two adjacent upper-layer soil crushing devices, a soil hard blocking ridge is formed on the lower layer of the soil, shale is crushed through the lower-layer mother rock crushing device, and the crushed mother rock debris forms a mother rock debris covered channel on the lower portion of the soil layer, so that soil and mother rock integrated cultivation is achieved, and the soil and mother rock integrated cultivation efficiency is improved. The technical effects of improving the drought resistance, enhancing the flood drainage capacity, collecting water in all directions of runoff and interflow and optimizing the rainwater utilization rate are achieved.