The invention provides a method for replacing a coal mine main fan without blowing-down on the basis of adjustable moving blades, and belongs to switching methods for coal mine main fans and standby fans. According to the method, in the normal fan-replacement process, two fans keep operating all the time, so that it is guaranteed that ventilation power is continuously provided; parallel connection is adopted for wind separation, the air volume is stable in the fan-replacement process, and fan replacement without blowing-down is achieved; when the fan operating normally breaks down, a synthetic judgment is given through a vibrating sensor, an air volume negative-pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a motor electrical parameter sensor, according to abnormal degrees of the faulted fan, and early warning, placement of fault symbols and fault mode starting are sequentially carried out until fan replacement without blowing-down is achieved. The method has the advantages that fan replacement without blowing-down is achieved by means of adjustable moving blade capacity of the fans; in the whole fan-replacement process, adjustment of blade angles is combined adjustment of opening degrees of air doors, so that the air volume is adjusted; the possibility that unsmooth clamping occurs and the air doors do not reach fault points in place during opening and closing is reduced, meanwhile, the fan-replacement speed is quicken, and fan-replacement time is shortened.