The invention provides a drug expiration preventing and drug dispensing method, which employs a self-service system, wherein the self-service system comprises a software side and a hardware pushing side; drugs are put into pushing channels, corresponding to departments, of the hardware pushing side of the self-service system according to the departments, the software side of the self-service system verifies information of drug takers, and the corresponding drugs are pushed to the drug takers by means of the hardware pushing side; the software side comprises a recording module, an identification module and a drug information feedback module, the identification module is used for identifying position information of updated drugs that are placed behind a previous batch of drugs, the drug information feedback module feeds back the usage condition of batches of the drugs to an alarm notification module by means of the software side, and the drug information feedback module is used for notifying drug expiration information. The drug expiration preventing and drug dispensing method is stricter in management of drugs, the drug takers can fetch drugs in a more targeted manner, the self-service system can be set in a hospital and replace a pharmacy, thereby realizing further integration of medical staff resources. The drug expiration preventing and drug dispensing method breaks the timelimit, saves the time of the drug takers, improves the flexibility of taking drugs, and meets the demand of the drug taker for taking drugs at any time.