The invention relates to an automatic control bioreactor for breeding maggots and earthworms and a solid culture method. By controlling the temperature and humidity of the reactor, the growth of the maggots and the earthworms can be effectively promoted, and the growth period is shortened. Meanwhile, at the maturation period of the maggots and the earthworms, animals are promoted to move to a collector through illumination control and temperature adjustment so as to realize effective separation and reduce separation cost. The bioreactor comprises a reactor bottom, a reactor light transmission window, a reactor top, a charging part, a maggot and earthworm collector, a forced ventilation device, an automatic process controlling device and a heat exchanger. The method of the invention can realize automatic breeding of the maggots and the earthworms, and is applied to scale zooming; and the reactor has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient operation, low operating cost and environmental protection.