213 results about "Phase boundary" patented technology

A method of manufacturing a composite photochromic ophthalmic lens having an index of refraction of at least 1.49 is disclosed. The method comprises providing against a front portion of a mold, a first ophthalmic lens-forming composition including a polymerizable monomer, oligomer, or polymer and a photochromic compound; filling a rear portion of the mold with a second ophthalmic lens-forming composition, sufficiently different from the first ophthalmic lens-forming composition such that a distinct phase boundary results between the two compositions after complete curing of the two compositions, the second ophthalmic lens-forming composition including a polymerizable monomer, oligomer or polymer that is different from the monomer, oligomer or polymer of the first ophthalmic lens-forming composition, such that the second ophthalmic lens-forming composition is in contact with the first lens-forming composition, wherein either the first or second ophthalmic lens-forming composition is gelled before adding the other ophthalmic lens-forming composition, in an ungelled state, to the mold; and curing the first and second ophthalmic lens-forming compositions simultaneously, while the first and second ophthalmic lens-forming compositions are in intimate contact.

A method (and structure) for a memory cell having a phase change material (PCM) element and a heating element external to the PCM element. The heating element causes one of a presence of and an absence of a phase boundary within the PCM element for storing information in the PCM element.

A pipette system including a pipette capillary tube and an actuator, with the actuator serving to set the position of a phase boundary between a system medium and a second medium in the pipette capillary is described. A sensor element is also provided for measuring the position of the phase boundary, in such a way that the actuator is controlled by a regulating element in response to an output signal from the sensor element.

A reliable semiconductor light-emitting device and a method for manufacturing the same can be provided in which peeling can be prevented in a phase boundary, and optical axis positional errors between the optical lens and a semiconductor light-emitting chip can be reduced or prevented. The semiconductor light-emitting device can include a base board having at least one chip, a reflector fixed on the base board so as to enclose the chip, and an encapsulating resin disposed in the reflector. An optical lens can include a concave-shaped cavity that has an inner corner surface having a plurality of convex portions thereon. The optical lens can be located adjacent the reflector by contacting the lens with a top surface of the reflector so as to enclose the reflector. A spacer that is disposed between the concave-shaped cavity and the reflector can ease a stress that is generated due to temperature changes.

Side emitting glass elements are provided that include a plurality of light guiding elements, which are inseparably connected to one another at their outer circumferential surfaces, and at least one scattering element. The scattering element is inseparably connected to the outer circumferential surface of at least one light guiding element. The light guiding elements have at least one glass with a refractive index n₁, wherein the individual light guiding elements are not enclosed by a cladding. A phase boundary is present between the light guiding elements through which the guided light can pass and to reach the scattering element.

The invention provides a cerium-zirconium composite oxide, a preparation method of the cerium-zirconium composite oxide and a use of the catalyst. The cerium-zirconium composite oxide has a composite phase structure and comprises a cerium oxide phase and a cerium-zirconium solid solution. The cerium-zirconium solid solution has a chemical formula of CexZr1-x-yMyO2, wherein M represents one or more of rare earth elements but cerium, transition metal elements and alkali earth metals, x is in a range of 15-85mol% and y is in a range of 0-20mol%. The cerium oxide phase and the cerium-zirconium solid solution have different cell parameters so that the cerium oxide phase and the cerium-zirconium solid solution have different phase boundaries and a contact area of a sintering neck is reduced. Under action of cooperation or coupling of the cerium oxide phase and the cerium-zirconium solid solution, the cerium-zirconium composite oxide has high anti-sintering performances so that high temperature stability of the cerium-zirconium composite oxide is improved.

The invention relates to a modelling method for a phase contact area structure-activity adjusting and controlling model for a micro-interface enhanced reactor. A general expression of a gas-liquid interface area of a micro-interface enhanced reactor, a general expression of the gas content of the micro-interface enhanced reactor and an expression of the rising speed of air bubbles in a gas-liquid system of the micro-interface enhanced reactor are established in sequence; a structure-activity adjusting and controlling model of the phase contact area of the micro-interface enhanced reactor is acquired; the blank of prior art is filled up. According to the method provided by the invention, the reaction efficiency (energy efficiency and physical efficiency) of an ultrafine gas-liquid particle reaction system, physical and chemical characteristics of the system, micro-interface characteristics, mass transfer characteristics and a reactor structure are associated according to a mathematical method, so that the maximization target of the energy efficiency and the physical efficiency in a reacting process can be achieved by adjusting structural parameters and operation parameters; or under a specified reaction target (task) and energy consumption and physical consumption, a high-efficiency reactor structure is designed.

A density centrifuge blood processing system comprising a separation chamber rotating about a central rotation axis, the separation chamber having an outflow passage, a light source in optical communication with the density centrifuge blood processing system, the light source providing an incident light beam for illuminating an observation region and a viewing region on the outflow passage, a first detector for the separation chamber to detect light from the observation region, a second detector for the outflow passage, a computational apparatus distinguishing one or more phase boundaries in the observation region and distinguishing fluid composition in the viewing region as a function of light intensity received from the viewing region, and a controller regulating speed of at least one pump or of said separation chamber in response to signals from the computational apparatus.

The invention discloses a high-electrostriction sodium-bismuth-titanate-base lead-free piezoelectric material. The invention is characterized in that the chemical composition is (0.935-x)Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.065BaTiO3-xSrTiO3, wherein 0<=x<=0.30. On the basis of a binary morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) component solid solution 0.935Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-0.065BaTiO3, SrTiO3 is introduced to prepare a ternary system solid solution, thereby preparing a high-electromechanical-responsiveness lead-free system. Compared with the existing lead-free system, the invention can disclose the MPB component of the ternary solid solution, obtain the high-electrostriction system, can acquire high strain capacity in a small electric field, and is prospected to be applied to novel environment-friendly solid state drives.

The invention discloses a bubble film method of nanometer particle material in the chemical nanometer material manufacturing industry, which comprises the following steps: adapting bubble film reactor with bubble lid disk-typed stirrer to generate bubble; dividing the whole reacting liquid into film through bubble to form nanometer reacting environment; taking the soluble salt, oxide or hydroxide of IIA-race, IIIB-race, 13th and 22-32nd element as raw material; regarding NaOH, NH3-H2O, NH3, Ca(OH)2 or CO2 as sedimenter; making the sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, titanate, silicate or these resin acid salt with at least one OH in the center, S, P, Ti and Si as surface modified coating agent; reacting the reactor in the film to generate nanometer particle and nanometer capsule particle; adsorbing enough quantity gas on the particle surface to form gas-phase boundary; inhibiting the agglomeration among particles from forming hydrogen bonding bridge; generating the foam-typed product; separating; cleaning; drying; producing nanometer particle, nanometer capsule particle loose block or powder.

The invention discloses a potassium-bismuth titanate-based solid solution lead-free piezoelectric ceramic and a manufacturing method thereof. The components are represented by the general formula of (1-n){(1-u)(Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3+u[(1-z)Bi(CxDy)O3+zBiEO3]}+nM. The ceramic components of the invention have a morphotropic phase boundary of the rhombic ferroelectric phase and the cubic ferroelectric phase, good piezoelectric performance and higher Curie temperature. The ceramic components have the characteristic of environmental protection, can realize the replacement of a part of the traditional lead-containing piezoelectric ceramics, and can be manufactured by using the manufacturing method of the traditional piezoelectric ceramic and the industrial materials, thereby having practical application.

The invention discloses a bismuth-containing complex perovskite-lead zirconate titanate quasi-ternary system piezoelectric ceramic and a preparation method thereof. The bismuth-containing complex perovskite-lead zirconate titanate quasi-ternary system piezoelectric ceramic has a general formula: (1-n)[(1-u-v)Pb(Zr1-zTiz)O3+uBi(CxDy)O3+v(Bi0.5E0.5)TiO3]+nM. The ceramic has a morphotropic phase boundary of a rhombic ferroelectricity phase and a tetragonal ferroelectricity phase, has the advantages of excellent piezoelectric constants, higher Curie temperature, lowered lead content and practicability, can replace parts of traditional lead-containing piezoelectric ceramic and can be prepared from industrial raw materials by adopting the traditional preparation technology of the piezoelectric ceramic.

Providing a microscope apparatus capable of observing phase variation of a phase object with sufficient contrast with a white light source having an area such as a halogen lamp and a mercury lamp commonly used in a microscope. A microscope apparatus 100 comprising: an illumination optical system 10 that illuminates a sample 5 with illumination light emitted from a light source 1; an imaging optical system 30 that converges light emitted from the sample to form a sample image by an objective lens 6; an aperture member 3 that is disposed in the illumination optical system in the vicinity of a conjugate plane of a rear focal plane of the objective lens and has an aperture for limiting the illumination light; and a filter member that includes a phase plate 7 that is disposed in the imaging optical system in the vicinity of the rear focal plane of the objective lens or in the vicinity of the conjugate plane of the rear focal plane of the objective lens and has a first phase area introducing phase difference of 180 degrees into the light from the sample and a second phase area; a phase boundary portion between the first phase area and the second phase area being disposed in a conjugate aperture of the aperture.

The invention provides a lithium ion battery anode material adopting an in-situ developed heterogeneous core-shell structure and a preparation method of the material. The lithium ion battery anode material is a composite with a lithium-rich lamellar phase material as a core layer and a heterogeneous spinel phase generated on the surface of the core layer in an in-situ manner. The lithium ion battery anode material is prepared in the steps as follows the lithium-rich lamellar phase material containing Ni, Mn and M is prepared from carbonate or hydroxides with a coprecipitation method and then dispersed in a mixed salt solution of Ni, Mn and M, the amount-of-substance ratio of Ni to Mn to M in the solution is the same with that in the lithium-rich lamellar phase material, the coprecipitation reaction is performed again, and the mixed metal carbonate (or metal hydroxide) coated lithium-rich lamellar phase material is obtained, the lithium-rich lamellar phase material is sintered at the high temperature in the absence of a Li source, and the lithium ion battery anode material adopting the in-situ developed heterogeneous core-shell structure can be obtained. The lithium ion battery anode material adopting the in-situ developed heterogeneous core-shell structure has the advantages as follows the shell layer coats the core layer in a uniform, complete and thickness-controllable manner, no obvious phase boundaries exist between the core layer and the shell layer, and the electrochemical performance of the material is improved.

The invention relates to a variable lens for controlling electromagnetic radiation that interacts with said lens in a controlled manner. The lens includes a container; a first dielectric fluid that is held in the container; a second dielectric fluid that is held in the container, a phase boundary layer between the first and the second fluid. The relative dielectric constant of the first fluid is different from a relative dielectric constant of the second fluid. At least one first electrode; and at least one second electrode is positioned in relation to the first electrode in such a way that an electric current that is applied between the first and the second electrode generates an electric field, which infiltrates the phase boundary layer.

The present invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of polycarbonates or diaryl carbonates by the method of the phase boundary process, in which both the mixing of the organic and aqueous phase and the upstream oligomerization step or aryl chloroformate and/or diaryl carbonate preparation step are effected in a special pump.