The invention relates to the field of satellite communication, discloses a distributed fault real-time monitoring and standby equipment switching method for satellite communication, and solves the problem of interruption of a satellite communication network caused by faults of node equipment in a large-scale satellite communication system. According to the technical scheme, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps that S1, a special management and control server is set for a satellite communication system to operate a management and control service system; S2, the management and control service system receives a fault alarm frame in the satellite network in real time through a narrowband control channel; S3, the management and control service system automatically completes state notification of the whole network equipment and the whole network service system; S4, the management and control service system generates network parameters for standby equipment to accessthe network; S5, the management and control service system automatically responds and sends a control frame switched to the standby equipment to complete troubleshooting according to the fault framesobtained actively and passively. According to the invention, real-time monitoring of equipment states of a central station and a gateway station can be realized, fault monitoring and switching are automatically completed by the management and control service system, the operation reliability of the equipment and the service system of the central station and the gateway station is greatly improved,and the problem of low efficiency of manual monitoring and switching is effectively solved at the same time.