The present invention relates to a composite marker for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and a use thereof and, more particularly, to a composite marker, for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy, comprising two or more blood markers specific for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and thus having an improved diagnostic performance. In addition, the present invention relates to a composition for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy, a diagnostic kit, and a method for providing information necessary for diagnosing diabetic retinopathy, each of which uses the composite marker. The composite marker for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy of the present invention was found to be superior to combinations of other markers in terms of sensitivity and diagnosis performance and to exhibit a high diagnostic potential for initial diabetic retinopathy, as analyzed for combinations between protein quantitation values of the composite marker and fundamental clinical information. In addition, the composite biomarker of the present invention does not use blood proteins for biopsy, but can conveniently perform analysis by means of patient plasma and thus can be advantageously applied to the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy.