The invention provides a detection method of bending of a rotor of a steam turbine. The method includes following steps: S10, monitoring the steam turbine, and obtaining monitoring data in processes of starting and shutdown of a set; S20, generating a Bode plot of shafting vibration with the change of the rotating speed in the processes of starting and shutdown of the set according to the monitoring data; S30, determining the rotor is bent if a second detection threshold is exceeded, and moving to step S40 if not, wherein the preset second detection threshold is used for comparing vibration values changed with the rotating speed in the shafting starting process; and S40, determining the rotor is bent if a third detection threshold is exceeded, wherein the preset third detection threshold is used for comparing the Bode plot changed with the rotating speed at this shafting start and shutdown. According to the method, an online vibration monitoring and analysis system of the steam turbine is applied, vibration spectrum analysis, a set vibration pass value, a turning current, and the rotor shaking degree are combined, and the function of accurate determination of the bending of the rotor can be realized.