The invention relates to methods for extracting, purifying and concentrating mesenchymal
stromal cell exosomes enriched with micro-
RNA, proteins and lipids, and can be used in cosmetology and
pharmacology for
rehabilitation and regeneration. The technical result of the invention is a more efficient process for producing exosomes. This technical result is achieved in that the
present method for extracting, purifying and concentrating exosomes from mesenchymal stromal cells includes cultivating cells, collecting the conditioned culture medium, depleting high-molecular-weight proteins, extracting, purifying and concentrating exosomes, and freezing and lyophilizing the
exosome concentrate; in order to enrich the culture medium with exosomes, multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are grown in a medium having a lowered glucose concentration and containing
platelet lysate and 5 mM of L-alanyl-L-
glutamine, wherein, in the case of static
cell cultivation, the
growth medium is placed in a
culture vessel and once a level of not less than 80%
monolayer confluence is reached, the culture medium is harvested and replaced once every 24 hours, and in the case of flow-through
cell cultivation, cells are placed on
cell carriers in a
bioreactor and 72-96 hours after the start of cultivation, the culture medium is harvested and replaced once every 24 hours, the
exosome-enriched culture medium is subjected to concentration, which includes successive stages of
centrifugation, tangential flow
filtration and isopycnic
centrifugation: in the first stage, the culture medium is centrifuged for 10 mins at 2000 g to remove
large cell particles and other inclusions; in the tangential flow
filtration stage, the supernatant is concentrated using
hollow fibre filters having a molecular weight cutoff of 500 kDa, after which the concentrate is subjected to fivefold
diafiltration with an equal volume of DPBS
phosphate buffer solution using the same
hollow fibre cartridge; and in the isopycnic
centrifugation stage, the concentrated supernatant is mixed with a saccharose solution and
deuterium oxide and subjected to isopycnic centrifugation at 100000 g and 4˚С for 75 mins, after which the concentrate is subjected to further fivefold
diafiltration with a
buffer solution, then the concentrate is filtered through filters with a
pore diameter of 0.22 µm and 0.1 µm, the
exosome concentrate is subjected to initial freezing to -75˚C in a
freezing chamber, and
drying is carried out in a lyophilization chamber, wherein in a first
drying stage, the concentrate is cooled to -40˚С and subsequently held for 100 mins at an absolute pressure in the chamber of not more than 10 Pa, then cooled to -30˚С and subsequently held for 610 mins at an absolute pressure in the chamber of not more than 10 Pa, then cooled to -10˚С and subsequently held for 315 mins at an absolute pressure in the chamber of not more than 10 Pa, after which it is cooled to 0˚С and subsequently held for 130 mins at an absolute pressure in the chamber of not more than 10 Pa, then heated to +10˚С and subsequently held for 130 mins at an absolute pressure in the chamber of not more than 10 Pa; in a second
drying stage, drying is carried out at +22˚С for not less than 130 minutes at an absolute pressure in the chamber of not more than 10 Pa.