The invention discloses a heat treatment preparation and
plasticity improvement process of a
copper rod, and relates to the technical field of heat treatment of
copper and
copper alloy copper materials, an
impurity diffusion channel is constructed through large-
machining-rate plastic deformation, and targeted removal of
grain boundary harmful impurities is realized in combination with three-section continuous controllable
atmosphere heat treatment, the
impurity removal rate reaches 60% or above, and the
plasticity of the copper rod is improved. The problems of intergranular brittle failure and
deep drawing cracking caused by
grain boundary impurity segregation are solved, the
grain boundary bonding strength of the copper rod is improved by 50% or above, the multi-pass
deep drawing forming yield is improved to 99% or above from about 70%, meanwhile, alloying modification in the
smelting stage is not needed, the problem that the electric
conductivity is remarkably reduced due to introduction of
alloy elements is avoided, and the method is suitable for industrial production. By accurately controlling the micro-oxidation degree and the weak reduction process, the
conductivity loss of the copper rod is controlled to be smaller than or equal to 0.2% IACS, and the double requirements of
high conductivity and high
plasticity are met.