The invention discloses a traditional Chinese medicine composition for rehabilitation after replantation of amputated finger and a preparation method and an application method of the traditional Chinese medicine composition. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: radix aconiti preparata, prepared kusnezoff monkshood roots, flos carthami, tamarix chinensis, lycopodium clavatum, cortex erythrinae, gentiana macrophylla, angelica sinensis, olibanum, myrrh, radix angelicae pubescentis, incised notopterygium, cassia twig, costustoot, mulberry twig, loofah sponge, radix clematidis, berba aristolochiae mollissimae and panax notoginseng. The traditional Chinese medicine composition is prepared into a fumigation agent or an emplastrum; and the fumigation agent or the emplastrum is used once a day. The medicine liquid is capable of regulating local qi-blood circulation, activating blood circulation to remove stasis, removing swelling, relieving pain, moistening muscles and bones, benefiting joints and the like by fumigating and washing the affected finger; the emplastrum is attached to the excited nerve endings of the body surface; the anti-swelling, anti-inflammation and slow and lasting effects are achieved by reflecting, expanding blood vessels and promoting local blood circulation; the traditional Chinese medicine composition has a significant treatment effect on pain, numbness, tendon adhesion, adverse joint flexion and extension and the like after replantation of amputated finger, and has the advantages of being free of a toxic or side effect, fast in acting, free of pain on patient and the like; and both symptoms and root causes are treated.