The invention relates to an oil unloading device vehicle for a railway oil tank and an oil transportation method thereof. A vehicle chassis system is fixedly connected with a platform assembly; the platform assembly is provided with a control box, an electrical control box, an oil return extending-retracting oil tank, an oil pump, a loading arm assembly, a loading arm box and an oil passage control valve; the loading arm assembly comprises a set of railway oil transportation loading arm assembly, a set of vehicle oil transportation loading arm assembly, and one to two sets of bottom filling oil pipe assemblies, wherein the railway oil transportation loading arm assembly is arranged in the an oil absorption loading arm box of the railway oil tank, and the vehicle oil transportation loading arm assembly is arranged in a vehicle oil transportation loading arm box; one side of the vehicle chassis system is provided with the control box; a flow meter, a dry self-sealing joint and the oil passage control valve are arranged in the control box; and the other side of the chassis is provided with the oil passage control valve. The vehicle can complete functions of vacuum pump priming, unloading oil transportation, bottom oil suction, emptying and the like, has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, convenient observation of the meter, reasonable layout, high measuring precision, higher explosive-proof grade and the like and is mainly used to suck the flue oil in the railway oil tank and transport the flue oil to the oil delivery vehicle.