The invention discloses a testing device for a catalytic coefficient of a thermal shielding material and a method for testing the catalytic coefficient of the thermal shielding material by utilizing the device, relating to the testing device for the catalytic coefficient of the thermal shielding material and a testing method for the catalytic coefficient of the thermal shielding material. The invention aims to solve the problems of long experimental periods and complex experimental processes when an electro-arc heater is used for detecting catalytic characteristics of the thermal shielding material. The testing device comprises a carrier gas flow gauge, an inert gas flow gauge, a microwave power source, a wave guide, double-colorimetric pyrometer, calcium fluoride glass, a first mechanical seal component, a quartz tube, electromagnetic induction heating coils, a zirconium oxide bracket, a second mechanical seal component, a pressure gage, a vacuum pump, a spectrograph, a mechanical lifting platform, a spectrograph signal receiving computer and a mechanical lifting platform control computer. The method comprises the steps of: (1) carrying aeration and pressure control; (2) heating; (3) starting the microwave power source; (4) scanning a recording result; and (5) measuring and calculating according to a diffusion controlling equation. The testing device and the method are mainly used for measuring and calculating the catalytic coefficient of the thermal shielding material.