The invention discloses a
confocal full-Mueller matrix imaging device and method based on an
optical fiber metasurface array, and belongs to the technical field of polarized
optical imaging. The device comprises an
optical fiber array multi-polarization illumination module, a sample scanning module, a
scattered light transmission module, a metasurface array
polarization modulation module and a polarized
light intensity detection module. The polarization states of four beams of light are regulated and controlled through the
optical fiber polarization controller, and four illumination focal spots in different polarization states are generated on a
sample plane at the same time; sample
scattered light is modulated by a polarization measurement metasurface array comprising four independent metasurface units, and the polarization state of each path of optical signals is projected to sixteen polarized light spots which are spatially separated; and finally, acquiring
light spot intensity information by an area array
detector, and reconstructing a full-Mueller matrix image of the sample through calculation. According to the invention, full-Mueller matrix information can be obtained through single scanning, and the device has the characteristics of
high resolution, compact structure, good compatibility and the like, and can be used for multi-dimensional polarization microscopic analysis of samples.