The invention particularly discloses a preparation method and application of high-purity neural stem cells. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, acquiring haploid neural stem cells, injecting the haploid neural stem cells into blastocysts, and culturing to form chimera embryos; separating nervous tissues from the embryos and dissociating the nervous tissues into
mixed cell populations; finally, the target cells are efficiently enriched through a
magnetic separation technology by utilizing the functionalized
magnetic nanoparticles with the surfaces modified with the
neural stem cell specific antibodies. According to the method, the genetic homogeneity
advantage of a haploid technology, the in-vivo bionic
development environment of chimera embryos and the
label-free and high-precision purification capacity of
magnetic separation are creatively fused, and the key technical bottlenecks of low purity, high heterogeneity and complex genetic background in traditional
neural stem cell preparation are solved. The invention also provides the high-purity
neural stem cell population prepared by the method, the special functionalized
magnetic nanoparticles and application of the functionalized
magnetic nanoparticles. The obtained
cell population is high in purity and stable in function, and has important application value in the fields of
disease modeling,
drug screening,
cell therapy and the like.