The invention relates to a device of a drill front shaft master pin hole. The device comprises a fixture body (1), a rear backing board (2), a rear sliding plate (3), a front backing board (4), a front sliding plate (5), compression screws (6), a chucking device (7), a cylindrical pin (8) and a rhombus pin (9), the rear backing board (2), the front backing board (4) and the chucking device (7) are arranged on the fixture body (1), the rear sliding plate (3) is disposed on the rear backing board (2), the rhombus pin (9) is arranged on the rear sliding plate (3), the front sliding plate (5) is mounted on the front backing board (4), the cylindrical pin (8) is disposed on the front sliding plate (5), and the compression screws (6) are arranged on the rear backing board (2) and the front backing board (4) respectively. The device has the advantages that a plate spring distance and a master pin distance can be accurately and rapidly adjusted, the device is multipurpose, the labor intensity of workers can be effectively reduced, time and effort are saved, and the work efficiency is increased.