The invention discloses a high-silicon-aluminum-based composite brazing filler metal, a preparation method thereof and a brazing method using the brazing filler metal. The brazing filler metal is in the form of a foil, and its composition includes mass fractions of 5-8% Si, 19.6-28.6% Cu, 1.2-2.5% Mg, 0.5-3.5% Ce, and the balance is Al. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing materials; electromagnetic induction smelting to prepare brazing filler metal blanks; molten salt protecting refined brazing filler metal; and preparing quenched foil-shaped brazing filler metal. The brazing method using the brazing material comprises the following steps: pretreatment of the surface to be welded; clamping of the weldment and the brazing material; and vacuum brazing. The invention solves the problem that the silicon particles and refractory oxide film on the surface of the high-silicon-aluminum-based composite material hinder the wetting and spreading of the brazing filler metal during the welding process of the high-silicon-aluminum-based composite material, and the prepared foil-shaped solder is closely combined with the high-silicon-aluminum-based composite material, and the welding Good seam formation, strong corrosion resistance, high joint shear strength and air tightness, and can be used in the field of electronic packaging of high-silicon-aluminum matrix composite materials.