The invention relates to the field of space coronameters, in particular to a dual-mode switching system for a space coronagraph and a switching method thereof. The switching system comprises a self-calibration light source switching device, a light path switching device and a positioning device. A plurality of self-calibration light sources in the self-calibration light source switching device areconnected with a wavelength division multiplexer through optical fibers, and the wavelength division multiplexer is connected with an optical fiber connector. A motor in the light path switching device is connected with a worm, the worm and a worm gear shaft are installed on an outer frame, a worm gear is installed on the worm gear shaft and meshed with the worm, an optical fiber fixing rod is installed at the locking end of the worm gear shaft, and the optical fiber connector is installed on the optical fiber fixing rod. An encoder is connected to the positioning end of the worm gear shaft.The switching method comprises the steps that the encoder obtains angle position information; the worm gear shaft rotates to the position of a calibration angle, and a light path is calibrated; and the worm gear shaft rotates to a zero position, and starlight enters the space coronagraph. By improving the structure, the switching system is high in precision and reliability and small in weight andsize.