The invention relates to a preparation method and application of an anti-counterfeit label based on temperature-induced phase change hydrogel, and the method comprises the following steps: mixing two monomers of N, N-dimethyl (acrylamide propyl) ammonium butanesulfonate and acrylamide, or mixing isopropyl acrylamide and acrylamide to obtain a mixed monomer; uniformly dissolving a mixed monomer, a cross-linking agent and an initiator in water, standing in a preset temperature environment for more than 30 min, then adding a reducing agent, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed solution, the cross-linking agent being N, N '-methylene bisacrylamide, the initiator being ammonium persulfate, and the reducing agent being N, N, N', N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; and transferring the obtained mixed solution into a transparent substrate with a groove pattern, and carrying out polymerization reaction in a pattern area to coagulate into gel, so as to obtain the anti-counterfeit label of the temperature-induced phase change hydrogel based on the lowest critical solution temperature or the highest critical solution temperature. The anti-counterfeit label prepared by the invention is relatively high in identification degree, relatively high in anti-counterfeit safety and relatively strong in coding capability.